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Effects of local interactrions on the dynamics and diversity of populations

局部相互作用对种群动态和多样性的影响

基本信息

批准号：
08640800
负责人：
KAWATA Masakado
金额：
$ 1.41万
依托单位：
Tohoku University (1997)Shizuoka University (1996)
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1996
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1996 至 1997
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-08640800/
关键词：
local interaction spatial distribution grazing periphyton 淡水産巻き貝 Grazing

项目摘要

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of grazer-periphyton interactions on the spatial structure of periphyton. Three experimental tanks with no snail, 5 snails, and 10 snails were used. The dynamics of spatial distribution of periphyton was estimated by image processing analysis. Then, the results were analyzed using semivariogram. In addition, individual-based models were conducted to examine the factors affecting the change in spatial distribution of pheriphyton.The results of the experiments show that the growth of periphyton biomass in a focal area was negatively affected by the biomass in the area, but positively affected by the biomass in the neighboring areas. For the case of no grazing, little or no spatial patches were formed. With increase of snail grazing, the more conspicuous patches were formed. The results of individual-based simulation suggested that when the effects of the periphyton biomass in neighboring areas on the periphyton biomass were positive, the patches could be formed. The intermediate degree of grazing pressure form more clear patches. In addition, when snails grazed periphyton in area where the snails once grazed, the size of patches tended to become larger. This suggests that snails in the experiments tended to graze the same area. The present study indicats that the interactions between snails and periphyton and among neighboring periphyton would cause the structured spatial distribution of periphyton.

本研究旨在探讨食草动物与附着生物的相互作用对附着生物空间结构的影响。使用了三个无螺、5只螺和10只螺的实验池。通过图像处理分析，估计了附着生物空间分布的动态。然后，使用半变异函数对结果进行分析。此外，还利用个体模型对影响附着生物空间分布的因素进行了分析，结果表明，在某一焦点区域，附着生物的生长受该区域生物量的负影响，而受邻近区域生物量的正影响。对于没有放牧的情况下，很少或根本没有空间斑块形成。随着蜗牛放牧量的增加，斑块的形成更加明显。基于个体的模拟结果表明，当邻近区域的附着生物量对附着生物量的影响为正时，斑块可以形成。中等放牧压力下形成的斑块较为清晰。此外，当钉螺在曾经有钉螺放牧的地方放牧附着生物时，斑块的面积有变大的趋势。这表明实验中的蜗牛倾向于在同一区域吃草。本研究表明，蜗牛与附着生物之间以及邻近附着生物之间的相互作用会导致附着生物的结构化空间分布。