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A Basic Study on the Mechanism of Illusory Vision at the Slope on Expressway

高速公路边坡幻视机理的基础研究

基本信息

批准号：
08650636
负责人：
IMADA Hirofumi
金额：
$ 1.34万
依托单位：
Kure University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1996
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1996 至 1997
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-08650636/
关键词：
illusory vision the slope cognition to traffic density cognition to velocity lane changing cognition to visual information decision making 速度と密度の関係運転行動ドライバーの情報認知

项目摘要

The purpose of this study is to discuss the mechanism of illusory vision. Therefore, firstly the questionnaires on the cognition to the slope were conducted for truck drivers. Secondly in order to investigate the effect of the cognition to visual environments on driving maneuver, the questionnaires and experiments with driving were conducted for small examinees. The obained results are summarized as follows.(1) There is a straight-line relationship between the observed traffic density (vehicles per meter) and drivers'the cognition to traffic density. But on the other hand the relationship between the observed speeds and the cognition to speeds is represented by a logarithmic function.(2) The relationship between the cognition to traffic density and velocity is presented with exponential function. Drivers who keep enough distance between cars think importance to density than velocity. On the other hand, drivers who keep small distance between cars are divided into two types. Those are drivers who do not think importance to the cognition to velocity, and drivers whose the cognition and behavior do not correspond.(3) The factors that influence the distance between cars are not only velocity but also personal characteristics.(4) According to the questionnaires drivers are divided into three types. Those are drivers who think importance to the information of the distance between cars, the deference of velocity between cars and both.(5) About 30% truck drivers have experienced illusory vision at the slope. The experiences are recognized not only expressway but also motor-vehicle way.Finally further study on the measures to avoid illusory vision will be carried out in the future.

本研究旨在探讨幻视的发生机制。为此，首先对货车司机进行了坡度认知的问卷调查。其次，为了考察视觉环境认知对驾驶动作的影响，对小型受试者进行了问卷调查和驾驶实验。研究结果表明：(1)观察到的交通密度(每米车)与驾驶员对交通密度的认知呈直线关系。但另一方面，观察到的车速与车速认知之间呈对数函数关系。(2)车流密度认知与车速之间呈指数函数关系。保持足够车距的司机认为密度比速度更重要。另一方面，保持较小车距的司机分为两类。驾驶员对速度的认知不重要，对速度的认知与行为不一致。(3)影响车距的因素不仅有速度因素，还有个人特征。(4)根据问卷调查结果，将驾驶员分为三类。他们认为汽车之间的距离、汽车之间的速度差以及两者之间的信息都很重要。(5)约30%的卡车司机在坡道上出现过错觉。这些经验不仅得到了高速公路的认可，也得到了机动车道路的认可。最后，未来将对避免错觉的措施进行进一步的研究。