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A Study of Social Changes in Southern African Region

南部非洲地区社会变迁研究

基本信息

批准号：
10610189
负责人：
OGURA Mitsuo
金额：
$ 1.28万
依托单位：
Tsuda College
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1998
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1998 至 2000
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The end of the Cold War and the collapse of Apartheid regime gave birth to basic changes in political, social and economic situations in southern African countries. Democratization, economic liberalization and regional cooperation developed since the late 1980s. Many of us were every optimistic about the future of this region. However we know now the region has a lot of difficult problems such as increasing crime, high unemployment rate and illegal immigrants. The relations, particularly economic relations, between South Africa and other southern African countries were maintained even during the Apartheid period. After Apartheid the relations became more manifest and developed quickly. Most of southern African countries are in a serious economic crisis. The introduction of structural adjustment policies which were expected to ease the crisis made a living more difficult particularly among middle and low income town dwellers. Zambia is a typical example. Rural-urban migration decreased in number during 1980's and 1990's. Return migrants from towns increased. This changed the patterns urbanization and migration. Zambia was a model case of democratization in Africa in the late 1980's and early 1990's, that is o say, in the age of globalization. However the new government after Kenneth Kaunda tried to prohibit people whose parents are foreign born from running for election. What is nationality in Zambia? Nation and nationality issues are now much related with democratization.

冷战结束和种族隔离政权垮台，南部非洲国家政治、社会、经济形势发生根本变化。民主化、经济自由化和区域合作自 20 世纪 80 年代末以来不断发展。我们中的许多人对该地区的未来感到乐观。但我们现在知道，该地区存在犯罪率上升、失业率高、非法移民等诸多难题。即使在种族隔离时期，南非与其他南部非洲国家的关系，特别是经济关系也得以维持。种族隔离后，两国关系变得更加明显并迅速发展。大多数南部非洲国家都陷入严重的经济危机。旨在缓解危机的结构调整政策的出台，使生活变得更加困难，尤其是中低收入城镇居民。赞比亚就是一个典型的例子。 20 世纪 80 年代和 1990 年代，农村人口向城市迁移的数量有所减少。从城镇返乡的流动人口有所增加。这改变了城市化和移民的模式。赞比亚是20世纪80年代末90年代初即全球化时代非洲民主化的典范。然而，肯尼思·卡翁达(Kenneth Kaunda)之后的新政府试图禁止父母为外国出生的人参加选举。赞比亚是什么国籍？民族和民族问题现在与民主化密切相关。