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Interdisciplinary Studies on Democratization and Social Structural Changes in Southern Africa

南部非洲民主化与社会结构变迁的跨学科研究

基本信息

批准号：
15402010
负责人：
OGURA Mitsuo
金额：
$ 7.36万
依托单位：
Tsuda College
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2003 至 2005
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Since early 1990s Southern African countries practice elections repeatedly and institutional democratization is developing step by step. But freedom of speech is often violated and the press is oppressed by the governments in some countries. They even intrude the judiciary. Democratization does not accompany social reform. A gap in income between social classes or regions is widening. Land reform in South Africa and Zimbabwe and eradication of poverty in Zambia and Mozambique are requirements for the consolidation of democracy in these countries.Compared with other African countries, South Africa advances more in democracy. However she is faced with a difficult problem : overcoming the legacy of Apartheid and colonial rule. Namibia and Zimbabwe have the same problem. These three countries have a large number of white population and they are still very influential. Therefore how white and African people face each other the past is closely related with democratization and consolidation of democracy.Democratization and economic liberalization offered economic opportunities and promoted social changes. They weakened traditional norm such as reciprocal help and caused social tension and anxiety. In Zambia since the introduction of structural adjustment policy, business activities flourished and local market expanded. But the level of agricultural production is still very low and purchasing power of peasants is weak and unstable. Therefore local market activities are fragile and seasonal. In Zimbabwe communal land is in crisis because of economic liberalization and the increase of rural population. In Mozambique regional and ethnic conflicts continue since the liberation struggle against Portuguese rule and they are reproduced in the process of democratization. Democracy is developing in Southern Africa, but social transformation caused by democratization gives birth to new problems which Southern Africa countries should put in serious efforts to tackle.

自20世纪90年代初以来，南部非洲国家多次举行选举，制度民主化逐步发展。但在一些国家，言论自由经常受到侵犯，新闻界受到政府的压制。他们甚至侵犯了司法。民主化并不伴随着社会改革。社会阶层之间或地区之间的收入差距正在扩大。南非和津巴布韦的土地改革，赞比亚和莫桑比克的消除贫困，都是这些国家巩固民主的要求，与其他非洲国家相比，南非在民主方面的进步更大。然而，她面临着一个困难的问题：克服殖民主义和殖民统治的遗产。纳米比亚和津巴布韦也有同样的问题。这三个国家有大量的白色人口，他们仍然很有影响力。因此，白色人和非洲人如何面对过去与民主化和民主的巩固密切相关，民主化和经济自由化提供了经济机会，促进了社会变革。他们削弱了传统的规范，如互助，并造成社会紧张和焦虑。赞比亚自实行结构调整政策以来，商业活动蓬勃发展，当地市场扩大。但农业生产水平仍然很低，农民的购买力很弱，而且不稳定。因此，当地的市场活动是脆弱和季节性的。在津巴布韦，由于经济自由化和农村人口的增加，公有土地正处于危机之中。在莫桑比克，自反抗葡萄牙统治的解放斗争以来，区域和种族冲突继续存在，并在民主化进程中再现。南部非洲正在发展民主，但民主化引起的社会变革也带来了新的问题，南部非洲各国应认真加以解决。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（54）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

アフリカをめぐる多国間主義の変容と現在

非洲多边主义转型与现状

DOI：
发表时间：
2003
期刊：
国際政治 133
影响因子：
0
作者：
岡江恭史;OKAE Takashi;IWAI Misaki;Sakurai Yumio;高田洋子;高田洋子;IWAI Misaki;NISHINO Noriko;ONO Mikiko;OTA Shoichi;OTA Shoichi;SAKURAI Yumio;SAKURAI Yumio;TAKADA Yoko;TAKADA Yoko;SAKURAI Yumio;IWAI Misaki;ONO Mikiko;OTA Shoichi;SAKURAI Yumio;Nguyen Thi Hoa;SAKURAI Yumio;IWAI Misaki;ONO Mikiko;OTA Shoichi;岡江恭史;高田洋子;OKAE Takashi;TAKADA Yoko;桜井由躬雄;SAKURAI Yumio;大田省一(共著);OTA Shoichi;岩井美佐紀(共編著);IWAI Misaki;遠藤貢;永原陽子;Yoko Nagahara;Mitsugi Endo;Mitsugi Endo;小倉充夫;小倉充夫;永原陽子;永原陽子;永原陽子;遠藤貢;遠藤貢;遠藤貢;永原陽子;Mitsugi Endo;小倉充夫;小倉充夫;小倉充夫;井上一明;遠藤貢
通讯作者：
遠藤貢

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