Regional Transformation and Migration in Southern Africa

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The end of the Cold War and the collapse of Apartheid regime gave birth to basic changes in political, social and economic situations id southern African countries. Democratization, economic liberalization and regional cooperation developed since the late 1980s. Many of us were optimistic about the future of this region in the early 1990s. However we know now that most of southern African countries are in a serious economic crisis. The region has a lot of difficult problems such as increasing crimes, high unemployment rate and illegal immigrants. The introduction of structural adjustment policies which were expected to ease the crisis made a living more difficult particularly among middle and low income town dwellers.We conducted field research in Zambia, Zimbabwe, Mozambique and South Africa about various subjects: Zambian democratization and NGOs, migrants in Zambia from Zimbabwe and their living in a village, migration and rural society in Zambia, antigovernment movement and urban migrants in Zimbabwe, migration under colonial rule in Mozambique, migration from Mozambique to South Africa, racial reconciliation in post-Apartheid South Africa, discrimination against Jewish migrants, Chinese labor importation in South Africa.The close relations, particularly economic relations, between South Africa and other southern African countries were maintained even during the Apartheid period. After Apartheid the relations became more manifest and developed quickly. To understand southern Africa today in historical perspective, the report includes historical studies which show continuities and changes in migration and the related issues.