Crystal Orientation

在I.固化，二。电沉积，III.气相沉积和IV.研究了固相反应、沉淀、沉积和反应过程中材料的晶体和结构取向机制，探讨了控制晶体取向的原理。取得了如下结果：I.凝固在Fe-Cu合金的定向凝固中，发现施加强磁场使球形Cu相在晶粒中而不是晶界中沉淀。电极位置在ZnCl-NiCl镀液中的电沉积是在强磁场下进行的。研究发现，随着磁场强度的增加，沉积材料的Ni_15Zn_21 → NiZn_5 → NiZn发生变化.气相沉积在强磁场下，在玻璃上气相沉积Zn和Bi。当磁场垂直于衬底时。平面上，沉积的材料被对准以采取较低的磁化能态。也就是说，Bi在a-和b-平面中取向，而Zn在c-平面中取向。固体反应研究发现，在煤沥青热处理过程中，强磁场促进了中间相小球的生成和直径的增大，其机理是基于碳六方环的磁取向。在PAN纤维碳化过程中施加强磁场，使FAN纤维制得的碳纤维强度比未施加强磁场时提高了2倍。

In the processes of I. Solidification, II. Electro deposition, III. Vapor deposition and IV. Solid reaction, the mechanism of crystal and structure alignments in precipitated, deposited and reacted materials have been studied, and the principle of controlling orientations of crystals has been investigated. Tne following results have been obtained.I. SolidificationIn a directional solidification of Fe-Cu alloy, it is found that the imposition of a high magnetic field makes Cu phase of a spherical shape precipitate in a crystal grain not a grain boundary.II. Electrode positionThe electro deposition in a ZnCl-NiCl bath was conducted under the imposition of a high, magnetic field. It is found that the deposited materials change Ni_15Zn_21―NiZn_5―NiZn with increase or magnetic field intensity.III. Vapor depositionZn and Bi were vapor deposited on glasses under a high magnetic field. When the magnetics field was in perpendicular to a substrate. plane, deposited materials were aligned to take a lower magnetization energy state. That is, Bi aligns in a-and b-plane and Zn does in c-plane.IV. Solid ReactionIt is found that in the thermal treatment of coal-tar pitch a high magnetic field promotes to produce mesophase spherules and increase diameters of the spherules, and this, mechanism bases on the magnetic orientation of a carbon hexagonal ring. By imposition of a high magnetic field on tne carbonization process of PAN fibers, me strength of the carbon fibers obtained from the FAN fibers was increased in two times of the fibers without magnetic imposition.