Development of expanded AMeDAS weather data for building environment evaluation

用于建筑物能源计算的天气数据被称为扩展的AMeDAS天气数据（EA天气数据）。EA天气资料包括日本各地842个站点15年（1981-1995）的每小时8个气候要素。8个气候要素是大气温度、湿度比、水平全球辐照、大气辐照、风向、风速、降水和日照时数。本研究的目的是进一步提高EA天气数据的质量和附加值。提高数据质量的AQC和再确认日本气象厅（JMA）有一个自动质量控制（AQC）程序来检测由于测量仪器故障或数据传输错误引起的异常数据。气象厅的AQC程序已应用EA天气资料。AQC检测到的异常值在正常数据中进行了校正。AQC反复检查EA天气数据的质量改进。拟备标准EA天气资料预期对每站典型的年度每小时资料的需求，以及对长期实际天气资料的需求，都会很高。因此，标准EA天气数据是基于EA天气数据编制的，已有15年的历史。标准EA天气数据是通过从15年中为每个月选择一个典型的月份并将它们组合而成的年度天气数据。操作方案的制定操作方案已经制定。其中一个程序叫做EA DataNavi。使用EA DataNavi，用户可以从EA 15年天气数据光盘或标准EA天气数据光盘中调用所需站点的EA一年天气数据，并将其保存在各自的计算机上。此外，还可以计算任意倾角下任意方向倾斜表面上的太阳辐照度和一定深度下的地下温度。

The weather data for building energy calculation, which are designated as Expanded AMeDAS Weather Data (EA Weather Data), have been developed. EA Weather Data include hourly eight climatic elements for 15 years (1981-1995) at 842 stations throughout Japan. The eight climatic elements are atmospheric temperature, humidity ratio, horizontal global irradiation, atmospheric irradiation, wind direction, wind speed, precipitation, and sunshine duration. The purpose of this research is that it improves quality and value added of EA Weather Data further.1. AQC and reconfirmation for improving data qualityJapan Meteorological Agency (JMA) has an automated quality control (AQC) procedure to detect abnormal data caused by measuring instruments failure or data transmission error. The AQC procedure by JMA has been applied EA Weather Data. Abnormal values detected by the AQC have been corrected in normal data. Quality improvement for EA Weather Data is checked by the AQC repeatedly.2. Preparation of standard EA weather dataA demand for typical annual hourly data at each station is anticipated to be high as well as that for long-term real weather data. Thus, the standard EA weather data has been prepared based on EA weather data for 15 years. The standard EA weather data is the annual weather data prepared by selecting a typical month for each month from among 15 years to combine them.3. Development of operation programsOperation programs have been developed. One of the programs is called EA DataNavi. Using EA DataNavi, users can invoke EA weather data for a single year at a required station from the CD-ROM of EA weather data for 15 years or that of the standard EA weather data to save it on their respective computers. Furthermore, they can calculate solar irradiation on tilted surfaces facing any direction at any inclination angle and subterranean temperature at a certain depth.