Improvement of creep meter to estimate physical properties of cell wall for selection of crop cultivars

改进蠕变仪以评估细胞壁的物理特性以选择作物品种

• 批准号: 10559012
• 负责人: YAMAGUCHI Junji
• 金额: $ 8.38万
• 依托单位: NAGOYA UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1998 至 1999
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-10559012/
• 关键词: Creep mater; Windows computer; Gibberellin; Cell extension; Cell wall extensibility; Rice (Oryza); dwarf mutant; イネ; 細胞壁; 伸展曲線; 葉鞘; 稈; エンドウ; ヘミセルロース

We attempted to improve creep mater to estimate physical properties, which are major factors for plant morphogenesis. We also attempted to establish physical model to adapt cell wall loosening.The mechanism of gibberellin (GA) -induced leaf sheath growth was examined using a dwarf mutant of rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. Tan-ginbozu) treated in advance with an inhibitor of GA biosynthesis. Gibberellic acid (GA) enhanced the growth of the second leaf sheath, but auxins did not. Measurement of the mitotic index and cell size revealed that cell elongation rather than cell division is promoted by GA. GA increased the extensibility of cell walls in the elongation zone of the leaf sheath. It also increased the total amount of osmotic solutes including sugars in the leaf sheath, but did not increase the osmotic concentration of the cell sap, due to accompanying increase in cell volume by water absorption. In the later stage of GA-induced growth, starch granules completely disappeared from leaf sheath cells, whereas dense granules remained in control plants. These findings indicate that GA enhances cell elongation by increasing wall extensibility, osmotic concentration being kept unchanged by starch degradation.

我们试图改善蠕变物质，以估计物理性质，这是植物形态发生的主要因素。我们还尝试建立适应细胞壁松动的物理模型。以水稻（Oryza sativa L. cv.）矮化突变体为材料，研究了赤霉素诱导叶鞘生长的机理。用一种GA生物合成抑制剂预先处理了谭银骨。赤霉素对第二叶鞘的生长有促进作用，而生长素对第二叶鞘的生长没有促进作用。有丝分裂指数和细胞大小的测量表明，GA促进细胞伸长而不是细胞分裂。赤霉素增加了叶鞘伸长区细胞壁的伸长。它还增加了叶鞘中包括糖在内的渗透溶质的总量，但没有增加细胞液的渗透浓度，这是由于细胞体积随吸水而增加。在ga诱导的生长后期，淀粉颗粒在叶鞘细胞中完全消失，而在对照植物中仍有致密颗粒。这些结果表明，赤霉素通过增加细胞壁的延伸性来提高细胞的伸长，而渗透浓度不受淀粉降解的影响。

项目成果

松倉千昭: "植物の篩管輸送-スクローストランスポーターの発現と機能"化学と生物. 37. 639-642 (1999)

Chiaki Matsukura：“植物中的韧皮部转运 - 蔗糖转运蛋白的表达和功能”化学与生物学 37. 639-642 (1999)。

Matsukura, C., Kawai, M., Toyofuku, K., Barrero, RA., Uchimiya, H. and Yamaguchi, J.: "Transverse vein differentiation associated with the gas space formation - cell fate of middle layer in leaf sheath development of rice"Ann. Bot. in press. (2000)

Matsukura, C.、Kawai, M.、Toyofuku, K.、Barrero, RA.、Uchimiya, H. 和 Yamaguchi, J.：“与气体空间形成相关的横向静脉分化 - 叶鞘发育中中层的细胞命运

Fujii, S., R. Yamamoto, S. Nakayama, S. Yasui and P.A. Broady: "Effects of salinity on growth and content of intracellular solutes in Heterococcus sup. (Tribonematales, Xanthophyceae) form antarcita"Phycol. Res. 47. 65-69 (1999)

Fujii, S.、R. Yamamoto、S. Nakayama、S. Yasui 和 P.A.

Ikeda,A.: "Charaterization and expression of GASR1,a root-specific GAST1-like protein in rice."Rice Genet. Newslett.. 14. 150-153 (1997)

Ikeda,A.：“GASR1（一种水稻根部特异性 GAST1 样蛋白）的表征和表达。”Rice Genet。

J. F. Ma: "A1 Binding in the epidermis cell wall inhibits cell elongation of okura hyprocotyl"Plant and Cell Physiol.. 40(5). 549-556 (1999)

J. F. Ma：“表皮细胞壁中的 A1 结合抑制大仓下胚轴的细胞伸长”《植物与细胞生理学》40(5)。