Studies on adaptation ability to environmental stresses during structural transition of plant proteasome

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The proteasome is a huge protein complex that degrades damaged and selective ubiquitinated proteins, and is related to various environmental stress responses. Although the biochemical characteristic of the proteasome is well-studied in mammals, the details of the plant proteasome remains unclear. Here, we used a proteomics approach to reveal the detailed subunit composition of the plant proteasome. Our 2D electrophoresis and LC-MS/MS analyses combined with affinity purification demonstrated the highly heterogeneous subunit composition of the proteasome due to plant-specific gene duplication and putative post-translational modification in plant cells. Moreover, our studies demonstrated that proteasome activity is affected by post-translational modification in response to pathogen signaling. Our study revealed new insights into the plant proteasome composition and regulatory mechanism, which may contribute to increased pathogen resistance and improved crop yield in agriculture.