On the Unity of Opposites in Heraclitus

论赫拉克利特的对立统一

• 批准号: 10610012
• 负责人: MIURA Kaname
• 金额: $ 0.7万
• 依托单位: Jumonji University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1998 至 1999
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-10610012/
• 关键词: Presocratics; Heraclitus; the unity of opposites; 対立者の同一性

The conception of the unity of opposites in Heraclitus may be taken to be a transgression of the law of contradiction, if it is interpreted literally. Some interpreters, therefore, try to recognize that the "unity" means not so much the "identity" as some "connexion" of the opposites. However, this interpretation, which aims to reconcile Heraclitus' thought with logic anachronistically, is nothing but to rationalize it more than necessary and, as a result, to degrade his originality in this point improperly. It should be noted here that Hippolytus of Rome, who is, among others, an important and authoritative source of information on Presocratic philosophy and cites many fragments of Heraclitus referring to the unity of opposites in his Refutatio omnium haeresium, thinks of this unity not as only an association of different elements but as the absolute and objective identity. Hippolytus' interpretation is, we assume, not beside the mark at all. It is true that some of the examples with … More which Heraclitus illustrates the unity of opposites are taken from everyday life and are easily explained in terms of relativity without illogicalness. However, there are also some in which the unity is invisible and we cannot readily observe its existence; this unity is much more generalized so that it represents a latent structure or an objective pattern of the universe composed with all the pairs of opposites. Consequently, we should make a clear distinction between two levels of the unity of opposites in Heraclitus: that which is only a superficial phenomenon and, on the other hand, that which is objective and essential. It goes without saying that, for Heraclitus, it is the latter that is decisively important for the understanding of the nature of the universe. This is the dynamic unicity in which the opposites, opposing with one another, realize a cosmic adjustment or harmony between themselves at the same time. The assertion of the unity of opposites seems very illogical to us, but, in the eyes of Heraclitus, such a paradoxical way the universe subsists shows certainly the cosmic reality. Less

赫拉克利特的对立统一概念，如果从字面上解释的话，可以被认为是对矛盾律的违反。因此，有些解释者试图认识到，“统一”与其说意味着“同一”，不如说意味着对立的某种“联系”。然而，这种解释，其目的是调和赫拉克利特的思想与逻辑时代错误，只不过是合理化它超过必要的，因此，不适当地降低了他在这一点上的独创性。这里应该注意到，罗马的希波吕托斯是前苏格拉底哲学的重要和权威的信息来源，他在《万物的反驳》中引用了赫拉克利特关于对立统一的许多片段，认为这种统一不仅是不同元素的结合，而且是绝对和客观的同一性。希波吕托斯的解释是，我们假设，不是旁边的马克。的确，有些例子， ...更多信息 赫拉克利特阐述的对立统一来自日常生活，很容易用相对性来解释，而不存在逻辑上的矛盾。然而，也有一些统一是看不见的，我们不能轻易地观察到它的存在;这种统一更加普遍，它代表了由所有对立面组成的宇宙的潜在结构或客观模式。因此，我们应该明确区分赫拉克利特的对立统一的两个层次：一个是表面现象，另一个是客观的和本质的。不用说，对赫拉克利特来说，后者对于理解宇宙的本质具有决定性的重要意义。这是一种动态的统一性，在这种统一性中，相互对立的对立面同时实现了它们之间的宇宙调整或和谐。对立统一的断言在我们看来似乎是非常不合逻辑的，但是，在赫拉克利特看来，宇宙以这种矛盾的方式存在，确实表明了宇宙的实在性。少

项目成果

Miura Kaname: "The Unity of Opposites in Heraclitus"The Jumonji Journal of Social and Information Sciences. Vol.3. 1-16 (1999)

三浦要：《赫拉克利特的对立统一》《十文字社会与信息科学杂志》。

三浦要: "ヘラクレイトスにおける「希望」と「探究」"慶應義塾大学言語文化研究所紀要. 31. 95-113 (1999)

Kaname Miura：“赫拉克利特中的‘希望’和‘探究’”庆应义塾大学语言与文化研究所通报，31. 95-113 (1999)。

三浦要: "ギリシア人は環境をどう見ていたか"アルケー・関西哲学会年報. 7. 123-133 (1999)

Kaname Miura：“希腊人如何看待环境？”Arche Kansai 哲学会年度报告 7. 123-133 (1999)。

三浦要: "ヘラクレイトスにおける「対立者の一致」-ヒッポリュトス『全異端派論駁』IX8-10を手がかりとして"社会情報論叢. 3. 1-16 (1999)

Kaname Miura：“赫拉克利特的‘反对者团结’——基于希波吕托斯对所有异端的驳斥 IX8-10”社会信息系列。 3. 1-16 (1999)

三浦要: "禁じられた道-パルメニデスにおける探究の行方-"哲学研究. 567. 59-92 (1999)

Kaname Miura：“禁道——巴门尼德探究的未来”哲学研究 567. 59-92 (1999)。