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Ethnological Studies On Ethnicity and Class Structure of Army and Police in Modern Africa

现代非洲军队和警察的种族和阶层结构的民族学研究

基本信息

批准号：
10610301
负责人：
AKUTSU Shozo
金额：
$ 0.83万
依托单位：
Shinshu University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1998
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1998 至 1999
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-10610301/
关键词：
Ghana army police ethnicity class structure gender area conflicts 権力構造

项目摘要

In this scientific research, our research project tried to aim to present the composition of the armed forces and police, in particular, or the republic of Ghana, West Africa, of the areas of ethnic conflicts in Hodern African states.There have been more coups than there have been abdications by the military in Ghana ; though this is common experience. What follows, although a melancholy story, is interesting because or contrasts between the three major coups of 1966, 1972 and 1981, and between the three attempts at 're-civilianisation' in 1969, 1979 and 1992. Until 1959 the indigenization of the Ghanaian government as far as the military was concerned was one of caution, and, from 1959 to 1966 the process of Ghanaianization and 'Akanization' of the military forces began. However, after 1966 coup, the rise of ethnic tensions in the military must be seen within the context of a general revival of ethnic animosities within the country under the military regimes. These ethnic divisions were carried over into the military at large, and 'tribalism'---given the ethnic structure of the officer corps---became a convenient formula for articulating and possibly rationalizing professional grievances.Our research project tried to collect the newspapers on the political caricature and the lists of genocide of period of the military regimes by the commission for the protection of fundamental human rights, and analysed the political culture and political landscape of Ghanaian societies. Furthermore, our research project tried to do family research of the social structure of the armed forces and police from the viewpoint of not only ethnicity but also gender.

在这项科学研究中，我们的研究项目试图旨在介绍武装部队和警察的组成，特别是，或加纳共和国，西非，在Hodern非洲国家的种族冲突地区。有更多的政变比有由军方在加纳退位;虽然这是常见的经验。接下来发生的事情，虽然是一个悲伤的故事，但很有趣，因为1966年、1972年和1981年的三次重大政变之间，以及1969年、1979年和1992年的三次“重新民主化”尝试之间，存在着鲜明的对比。直到1959年，加纳政府在军事方面的本土化是谨慎的，从1959年到1966年，加纳化和军队的“阿肯化”进程开始了。然而，在1966年政变之后，必须在军政府统治下的国内种族仇恨普遍复活的背景下看待军队中种族紧张局势的加剧。这些种族分歧被带到了整个军队中，而“部落主义”--考虑到军官队伍的种族结构--成为一个方便的公式，用于表达和可能合理化的职业不满。我们的研究项目试图收集报纸上的政治漫画和保护基本人权委员会的军事政权时期的种族灭绝名单，并分析了加纳社会的政治文化和政治格局。此外，我们的研究项目试图从种族和性别的角度对武装部队和警察的社会结构进行家庭研究。