Mechanism of reference establishment of noun phrases in the discourse

1.属格en的使用和名词短语的指称性（Ohki）我们关注的是像Je me dirigeai vers sa chambre（N1）et en ouvris la porte（N2）这样的短语。通过对法语书面语和口语语料的分析，可以明确以下三点：（1）当N1和N2的独立性高，且N1和N2的语义关系为strog时，en不被使用;因此，我们看到，在这种情况下，N2的所指对象是充分确定的。(2)即使N1的个体性高而N2的个体性低，如果N1和N2之间的语义关系是strog，则不使用en。因此，我们看到，在这种情况下，N2的所指对象也是充分确定的。(3)当N1和N2的个体性较低时，使用en。因此，我们看到，在这种情况下，N2的所指对象是不足以成立的。语篇中所指的建立与识别（多哥）在三个心理域构成的语篇模型的基础上，我们探讨了所指的识别机制。从这个角度来看，指称的识别涉及三个因素：（1）指称的个体性;（2）说话人和听话人之间话语模式的共享程度;（3）指称在话语中的角色

1. Use of genitive en and referentiality of noun phrases (Ohki)We are concerned with phrases like Je me dirigeai vers sa chambre (N1) et en ouvris la porte (N2). Analysis of the written and spoken french corpus will make clear these three points :(1) When the individuality of N1 and that of N2 are high and when the semantic relationship between N1 and N2 is strog, en is not used. Thus, we see that in this case, the referent of N2 is enough established.(2) Even if the individuality of N1 is high and that of N2 is low, if the semantic relationship between N1 and N2 is strog, en is not used. Thus, we see that in this case also, the referent of N2 is enough established.(3) When the individuality of N1 and that of N2 are low, en is used. Thus, we see that in this case, the referent of N2 is not enough established.2. Establishment and identification of referent in the discourse (Togo)On the basis of discourse model which consists of three mental domains, we have considered the mechanism of identification of referent. From this consideration we may say that three factors are concerned in the identification of referent : (1) individuality of referent (2) degree of sharing the discourse model between speaker and hearer (3) role of referent in the discourse