Development of eco-engineering system using technique of reproduction and inhabitation of benthos on tideland and shallow sea area.

通过建立潮间带小试模型，评价重油作为环境污染物质的指标对由潮间带蚯蚓、短颈蚌和潮间带细菌组成的中游系统性能的影响，结果表明，与蚯蚓相比，翻领蛤仔对环境负荷的敏感性更高。研究发现，由于身体中有机物的存在，系统中的水质下降，而由于蚯蚓的存在，水质下降的程度并不严重。这表明，生活在底栖生物中的蚯蚓，在重油存在的情况下，具有维持净化能力的可能性。此外，认为细菌是由可作为有机物处理的重油增加的，而有机物在细菌分解和纯化后被蚯蚓捕食而进一步还原。对喀塞人工滩涂和三班天然滩涂的调查结果表明，三班滩涂深度小于3m范围内的COD净化能力、微生物种类和生物量均高于喀塞人工滩涂。天然滩涂对COD的净化能力是人工滩涂的两倍。显然，从生物、物理和化学的角度来看，合适的结构对于潮滩的净化功能是重要的。从前一年的研究结果还表明，通过设计底栖生物的繁殖/固定技术，可以加强滩涂系统的净化功能。

Tideland bench-scale experimental model was established to evaluate the influence of heavy oil as an index of environmental pollution substance on the performance of mesocosm systems that consist of lugworms and short-neck clams and bacteria living in tideland.As a result, compared with lugworms, a littleneck clam's susceptibility was higher to environmental load. It was found that water quality in the system declined due to the presence of the organic mater from the carcass, whereas, with the existing of lugworm, water quality decline was not so serious. It suggested that lugworm living in benthos, has the possibility of maintaiuing purification capability under existence of heavy oil. Moreover, it was thought that bacteria increased by heavy oil that can be treated as an organic matter, and the organic matter was further reduced by predation of lugworms after decomposition and purification by bacteria. The results investigated in KASAI artificial tideland and SANNBANNSE natural tideland showed that COD purification ability, the species of microorganisms and the amount of biomass in the area which the depth is less than 3-meter in SANNBANNSE natural tideland were higher than those in KASAI artificial tideland. The COD purification ability in the natural tideland is two-fold higher than that in the artificial one. It is clear that the proper structure is important for the tideland purification function from a biological, physical and chemical point of view. From the results conducted in preceding year, it also suggested that by devising reproduction/fixing technology of benthos purification function could be strengthened in the tideland system.