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Permeation and separation of organic solvents by porous inorganic membranes

多孔无机膜对有机溶剂的渗透和分离

基本信息

批准号：
10650761
负责人：
TSURU Toshinori
金额：
$ 2.18万
依托单位：
Hiroshima University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1998
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1998 至 1999
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The purpose of the present study is to prepare porous ceramic membranes having various size of pore diameters and investigate the permeation performance of ceramic membranes.Ceramic membranes, which were prepared by sl-gel procedure, We have successfully prepared porous ceramic membranes from silica-zirconia composite colloidal sol solutions We have found that the transport mechanism of liquids through ceramic membrane having relatively large pores (larger than 70 nm) obeys the viscous flow mechanism, while the transport mechanism deviated from the viscous flow mechanism for membranes having smaller pore sizes. The reason was speculated that the affinity between permeating molecules and membrane surface and size plays an important role in determining permeation mechanism.Reverse osmosis experiments were carried out for several types of solutes in ethanol solutions. Solutes sued were n-hexane (CィイD26ィエD2HィイD214ィエD2, molecular weight 86), n-decane (CィイD210ィエD2HィイD222ィエD2, MW 142), and n-teradecane (CィイD214ィエD2HィイD230ィエD2, MW 142) as alkane solutes, and n-hexanol (CィイD26ィエD2HィイD213ィエD2OH, MW 102), n-octanol (CィイD28ィエD2HィイD217ィエD2OH, MW 130), n-decanol (CィイD210ィエD2HィイD221ィエD2OH, MW 1258) and alcohols. Solutes were rejected by porous membranes having pore size smaller than 1 nm. Rejection at 3 MPa and 60℃ ranges from 0.4 to 0.8, depending on the type of molecular weights. We have found that separation of organic molecular mixtures cane be separated by porous ceramic membrane in reverse osmosis. Analysis of transport mechanism suggested that diffusivity in pores was significantly affected by viscosity of solvents in pores.

本研究的目的是制备不同孔径大小的多孔陶瓷膜，并研究陶瓷膜的渗透性能。我们成功地从硅锆复合溶胶溶液中制备了多孔陶瓷膜，发现液体通过大孔陶瓷膜的传输机理（大于70 nm）的膜服从粘性流动机制，而对于具有较小孔径的膜，传输机制偏离粘性流动机制。分析认为，渗透分子与膜表面的亲和性和膜的尺寸大小是决定渗透机理的重要因素。对几种溶质在乙醇溶液中进行了反渗透实验。被起诉的溶质是正己烷（C D26 D2 H D214 D2，分子量86），正癸烷（C ↓ [2] D ↓ [210] D ↓ [2] H ↓ [2] D ↓ [222] D ↓ [2]，MW 142）和正十四烷（C ↓ [214] N ↓ [2] H ↓ [230] N ↓ [2] D ↓ [2]，MW 142）作为烷烃溶质，和正己醇（C ↓ [10] D26-D2 H ↓ [12] D213-D2 OH，MW 102），正辛醇（C ↓ [10] D28-D2 H ↓ [12] D217-D2 OH，MW 130），正癸醇（C ↓ [10] D2 H ↓ [12] D221-D2 OH，MW 1258）和醇。溶质被孔径小于1 nm的多孔膜截留。在3 MPa和60℃下的截留率范围为0.4至0.8，取决于分子量的类型。我们发现，在反渗透中，多孔陶瓷膜可用于有机分子混合物的分离。传输机制分析表明，孔中的溶剂的粘度显着影响在孔中的扩散。