Studies on molecular mechanisms and artificial regulation of maturation and aging of mammalian oocytes

当前研究的目标是描述在分子水平和对这一过程的适当调节过程中哺乳动物oocyte衰老期间的细胞系变化。present study might contribute to prevent the deterioration of oocyte qualities derived from elongated manipulation period of the in vitro matured mammalian oocytes， used for such as reproductive and Oracle mental technologies。The gradual decrease of maturation promoting factor （MPF） activity during oocyte aging has been reported previously。目前的研究表明，强积金活动在细胞老化期间的退化的分子机制完全不同，因为强积金活动在细胞激活期间的退化也归因于细胞B的快速退化，强积金的规则子单位，强积金子单位的水平，两者都是p34 cdc2 D1和细胞B。虽然并不重要，但在衰老期间发生了变化，但高磷酸化无活性反应的梯度累积 ... More e强积金，曾被称为强积金前，已被认可。在订购时确认，这种强积金超磷酸化是在老化细胞、我处理新鲜和老化细胞、适当地处理的强积金活动的课程，有Vanadate和咖啡因，其中模块化了强积金的磷酸化状态。这些实验提出了关于强积金磷酸化状态的改变的建议，是在衰老期间活动的退化的主要课程，以及在老年强积金活动中，可以将强积金活动调节为发布由Vanadate和咖啡因治疗部分。这些发现可能是有价值的，因为第一份报告揭示了强积金活动的人工监管的可能性。Furthermore，我指出，这些治疗方法可以改变细胞的内在激活率和片段的速率，两者都是细胞老化的参数。在摘要中，目前的研究显示了在分子水平上哺乳动物老化期间的细胞等离子体变化，并提出了一种简单的方法来进行这一过程中的人工规范，至少在部分时间内。Less（低）

Aims of the present study are clarifying the cytoplasmic changes during mammalian oocyte aging at molecular levels and subsequently regulating this process artificially. The present study might contribute to prevent the deterioration of oocyte qualities derived from elongated manipulation period of the in vitro matured mammalian oocytes, used for such as reproductive and developmental technologies.The gradual decrease of maturation promoting factor (MPF) activity during oocyte aging has been reported previously. The present study revealed that the molecular mechanism of the decrease of MPF activity during oocyte aging was completely different from that during oocyte activation Although the decrease of MPF activity at oocyte activation was attributed to the rapid degradation of cyclin B, a regulatory subunit of MPF, the levels of MPF subunits, both p34ィイD1cdc2ィエD1 and cyclin B, were not significant]y changed during oocyte aging but the gradual accumulation of hyperphosphorylated inactiv … More e MPF, so- called pre-MPF, was observed. In order to confirm that this hyperphosphorylation of MPF was the course of the decreased MPF activity in aged oocytes, I treated the fresh and aged oocytes, respectively, with vanadate and caffeine which modulated the phosphorylation states of MPF. These experiments suggested that the change of phosphorylation state of MPF was the main course of the decrease of the activity during oocyte aging and that the MPF activity in aged oocytes could be regulated at lease in part by vanadate and caffeine treatment. These findings might be valuable as the first report showing the possibility of artificial regulation of MPF activity. Furthermore, I revealed that these treatments could change the rates of spontaneous activation and fragmentation of oocytes, both are the parameters of oocyte aging.In summary, the present study showed cytoplasmic changes during mammalian oocyte aging at molecular levels and proposed a simple method for artificial regulation of this process at least partially. Less