Studies on the visual acuity and numerical cognition in dogs using an operant conditioning method

使用操作性条件反射方法研究狗的视力和数字认知

• 批准号: 10660293
• 负责人: TANAKA Toshio
• 金额: $ 1.66万
• 依托单位: Azabu University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1998 至 1999
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-10660293/
• 关键词: Dogs; Visual acuity; Numerical cognition; Discrimination learning; Learning process; Behavior; Heart rate

Tow female and a male Shiba breed dogs were used. The dogs were trained to discriminate between a Landolt ring and an ordinary ring of equal size associated with feed. The left and right positions of the two targets were shifted according to the Gellermann series. The dogs were subjected daily to one or two sessions which consisted of 30 trials each. The criterion of successful discrimination was three consecutive sessions with more than 21 correct choices(P<0.05, Chi-square test). At first, the dogs were trained to learn the relationship between a positive target(ordinary ring) and a reward. In the following training, the dogs were trained to discriminate between both rings at a distance of 1.8 m, which corresponds to a visual acuity score of 0.01. After the dogs were fully trained, their visual acuity was determined by changing the size of the rings or the distance from the target. The best scores of visual acuity for three dogs were 0.33, 0.24 and 0.23, respectively. The score is slightly better than the results of some other farm animals.For female Shiba breed dogs were trained to discriminate between two panels on which different number of dots were drawn. Each panel was selected from 30 different patterns of panels with the same number of dots. The number of trials in each session and the criterion of successful discrimination were the same as the visual acuity test. The results of this study shows that dogs can recognize up to seven or eight.No significant correlations between learning process and heart rate were observed in dogs. However, heart rate was affected by some activities such as "switch press", "baaing" and "standing". Therefore, it was suggested that these activities might be reflected the emotional level of dogs in learning process.

使用两只雌性和一只雄性Shiba品种犬。狗被训练来区分兰道耳环和与饲料相关的相同大小的普通环。根据Gellermann系列移动两个目标的左右位置。每天对犬进行一次或两次试验，每次试验30次。判别成功的标准为连续3次选择正确数超过21个（P<0.05，卡方检验）。起初，狗被训练学习积极目标（普通戒指）和奖励之间的关系。在下面的训练中，训练狗在1.8 m的距离区分两个环，这对应于0.01的视敏度评分。在狗完全训练后，通过改变环的大小或与目标的距离来确定它们的视力。3只犬的最佳视力评分分别为0.33、0.24和0.23。对雌性芝犬进行训练，使其能够区分两个画有不同数量圆点的面板。每个面板从具有相同数量的点的30个不同图案的面板中选择。每次试验的次数和成功判别的标准与视力检查相同。这项研究的结果显示，狗可以识别多达七个或八个。没有观察到狗的学习过程和心率之间的显着相关性。然而，心率受到一些活动的影响，如“按下开关”，“baaing”和“站立”。因此，这些活动可能反映了狗在学习过程中的情绪水平。

项目成果

KOBAYASHI,M. and T.TANAKA: "Studies on numerical cognition in dogs."Proc. 33rd Int. Cong. Int. Soc. Appl. Ethol.. 154. (1999)

小林，M.

KOBAYASHI,M. and T.TANAKA: "Studies on numerical cognition in dogs"Proc. 33rd Int. Cong. Int. Soc. Appl. Ethol.. 155 (1999)

小林，M.

TANAKA,T. et al.: "Studies on the visual acuity of dogs using shape discrimination learning."Proc. 33rd Int. Cong. Int. Soc. Appl. Ethol.. 155. (1999)

田中，T.

TANAKA,T. et al.: "Studies on the visual acuity of dogs using shape discrimination learning."Proc. 33rd Int. Cong. Int. Soc. Appl. Ethol.. 154 (1999)

田中，T.

TANAKA,T. et al.: "Studies on the visual acuity of dogs using shape discrimination learning"Proc. 33rd Int. Cong. Int. Soc. Appl. Ethol.. 154 (1999)

田中，T.