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Comparative ecological study of hantavirus in rodents in Japan and Far East Russia

日本和俄罗斯远东地区啮齿类动物汉坦病毒的比较生态学研究

基本信息

批准号：
10660296
负责人：
KARIWA Hiroaki
金额：
$ 2.3万
依托单位：
HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1998
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1998 至 1999
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-10660296/
关键词：
Hantavirus Hemorrhagic fever Rodent Emerging infection Zoonosis

项目摘要

Epidemiological study was conducted in Japan and Far East Russia and the followings were revealed.1. Hantavirus was identified in the urine from infected rats. Since newborn rats intranasally inoculated with the urine containing virus had the virus in their organs and urine, the virus may be maintained by the transmission with virus-contaminated urine by intranasal route in nature.2. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using baculovirus-expressed nucleocapsid proteins of different hantaviruses as antigens was established. This assay made it possible to detect hantaviral antibody and also identify the type of infected hantavirus when sera were reacted with different antigens.3. To evaluate the virus load in patients of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS), quantitative PCR system was established. According this PCR, it was revealed that high amount of virus was detectable in blood of acute HPS patients but the virus was disappeared form blood in convalescent phase.4. Large scale of epidemiological study of hantavirus was conducted in Japan by using severa serological methods. In healthy adults, no one had hantaviral antibody while in hepatic disease patients of unknown etiology, 2 to 3 % of cases had the antibodies. Therefore, it is no doubt that the general public in Japan have hantavirus infections.5. Epizootiologic study of hantavirus targeting for rodents was carried out in Vladivostok, Far East Russia. Hantaviral antibody was detected in gray-backed vole (Clethrionomys rufocanus), hich is known to be a reservoir of Puumala type hantavirus in Hokkaido, Japan. Since stripped field mice (Apodemus agrarius), which is a reservoir of Hantaan type hantavirus in China and Korea, also had the antibodies, highly virulent strain may be prevalent in Far Eastern Russia. In addition, hantavirus genome was identified in reed vole (Microtis fortis) and sequence analysis revealed that this virus was distinct from other known hantaviruses.

在日本和俄罗斯远东地区进行了流行病学研究，结果表明：1.在受感染大鼠的尿液中发现汉坦病毒。由于新生大鼠经鼻内接种含病毒尿液后，其器官和尿液中均存在病毒，因此，病毒可能通过经鼻内途径与病毒污染的尿液进行自然传播而得以维持.以杆状病毒表达的汉坦病毒核蛋白为抗原，建立了汉坦病毒的酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）。该方法可用于汉坦病毒抗体的检测，并可用于不同抗原血清的汉坦病毒分型.建立了汉坦病毒肺综合征（HPS）患者病毒载量的定量PCR检测方法。结果表明，HPS急性期患者血液中病毒含量较高，恢复期患者血液中病毒已消失.日本采用多种血清学方法对汉坦病毒进行了大规模的流行病学研究。在健康成年人中，没有人具有汉他病毒抗体，而在病因不明的肝脏疾病患者中，2%至3%的病例具有抗体。因此，毫无疑问，日本的普通公众都有汉坦病毒感染。在俄罗斯远东地区的海参崴开展了以啮齿类动物为目标的汉坦病毒流行病学研究。在日本北海道的灰背田鼠（Clethrionomys rufocanus）中检测到汉坦病毒抗体，该灰背田鼠是已知的Puumala型汉坦病毒的储存者。由于中国和韩国的汉坦型汉坦病毒的宿主--黑线姬鼠也具有抗体，因此高毒株可能在俄罗斯远东地区流行。此外，还从东方田鼠体内分离到汉坦病毒，序列分析表明该病毒与已知的汉坦病毒不同。