Comparative epidemiological study on zoonotic diseases originating from wild rodents in Japan and Far East Russia

为了解俄罗斯远东地区肾综合征出血热（HFRS）、蜱传脑炎（TBE）等病毒性人畜共患疾病的流行病学，在哈巴罗夫斯克市进行了流行病学调查。在鼠体中检测到抗汉坦病毒抗体。在捕获的102只小动物中，黑线鼠（5/47）和红毛鼠（7/40）。从血清阳性黑线姬鼠中扩增出部分M片段。黑线绣线鼠G2区（2695 ~ 2926nt）的病毒核苷酸序列与HFRS患者血样中FE基因型的同源性为97.0% ~ 99.6%。与AMR序列的同源性为80.7% ~ 82.5%。结果表明，汉坦病毒FE基因型可引起严重的HFRS，由黑线姬鼠携带。利用大肠杆菌表达系统中表达的重组病毒E蛋白，建立了检测抗tbe病毒抗体的ELISA方法。ELISA能检测到在哈巴罗夫斯克捕获的猪棘球蚴的抗tbe病毒抗体，经真实中和试验也呈阳性。这表明ELISA可作为一种有效的方法来确定TBE的流行地区。

To know the epidemiology of viral zoonotic diseases such as hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) in Far East Russia, we Conducted an epizootiological survey in Khabarovsk. Anti-hantavirus antibodies were detected in Apodemus.agrarius (5/47), and Clethrionomys rufocanus (7/40) among 102 small animals captured. Partial M segments were amplified from seropositive A.agrarius. The virus nucleotide sequence in G2 region (2695-2926nt) from A agrarius had 97.0 -99.6% identities with those of FE genotypes which were identified from blood samples of HFRS patients. On the contrary, the sequence had 80.7 to 82.5% identities with those of AMR. These results suggest that hantavirus FE genotype cases severe HFRS and is carried by A agrarius. We established the ELISA to detect anti-TBE virus antibodies by using the recombinant viral E protein expressed in E.coli expression system. The ELISA could detected anti-TBE virus antibodies in C.rufocanus captured in Khabarovsk, which were also positive by authentic neutralization test. This indicate that the ELISA can be a useful method to identify the endemic areas of TBE.