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Study on mechanisms for production and reception of epoxy sex pheromones produced by Geometrid moths

尺蠖蛾环氧性信息素的产生和接收机制研究

基本信息

批准号：
10660315
负责人：
ANDO Tetsu
金额：
$ 0.9万
依托单位：
Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1998
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1998 至 2001
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Female moths in the family of Geometridae produce cis-epoxides of poly-unsaturated hydrocarbons with a straight chain. In vivo experiments using deuterium-labeled compound revealed substrate specificity of enzymes for a step of mono-epoxidation in the pheromone biosynthesis. Analysis of hemolymph of the virgin females showed occurrence of the hydrocarbons, indicating that the precursors of the epoxy pheromones were produced.outside of the pheromone gland and transported to the gland via hemolymph for perfection of the biosynthesis. This production system is different from that proposed for the silkworm moth. Furthermore, experiments with incubated pheromone glands showed that the pheromone production was regulated by a hormone (pheromone biosynthesis activating neuropeptide, PBAN) secreted from a subesophageal ganglion. The neuropeptide did not stimulate the epoxidation enzyme, but activate transport of the hydrocarbons into the glands.The antennae of male moths include pheromone-binding protein (PBP). The amino acid sequence of a gerometrid PBP showed positional conservation of six cysteine residues and high homology (about 80 %) with the PBP of the silkworm moth. In order to understand the mechanism of olfactory perception, its binding specificity and function is studying.Epoxy pheromones have been also identified from females in other families ; I.e. Noctuidae, Arctiidae, and Lymantriidae. These families include a large number of species, and it is expected that some females produced further modified compounds. From two lymantriid species in, we successfully identified novel pheromone components with two epoxy rings or a trans-epoxy ring, which offered new interesting subjects for research of the epoxy sex pheromones.

尺蛾科的雌蛾产生具有直链的多不饱和烃的顺式环氧化物。使用氘标记的化合物的体内实验揭示了酶对信息素生物合成中的单环氧化步骤的底物特异性。处女雌虫血淋巴中有碳氢化合物的存在，说明环氧信息素的前体物质是在信息素腺体外产生的，并通过血淋巴转运到腺体中，完成信息素的生物合成。这种生产系统不同于为蚕蛾提出的生产系统。此外，与孵育的信息素腺体的实验表明，信息素的生产调节的激素（信息素生物合成激活神经肽，PBAN）分泌的食管下神经节。神经肽不刺激环氧化酶，但激活运输的碳氢化合物进入腺体。雄蛾的触角包括信息素结合蛋白（PBP）。该菌PBP的氨基酸序列具有6个半胱氨酸残基的位置保守性，与家蚕PBP的同源性高达80%。为了了解嗅觉感知的机制，人们正在研究环氧信息素的结合特异性和功能。环氧信息素也已从其他科的雌性昆虫中鉴定出来，如夜蛾科、牛蒡科和毒蛾科。这些科包括大量的物种，预计一些雌性会产生进一步修饰的化合物。从两种毒蛾中成功鉴定出具有两个环氧环或一个反式环氧环的新型信息素成分，为环氧型性信息素的研究提供了新的研究方向。