A STUDY ON BACKGROUND FACTORS OF CLIMACTERIC SYMPTOMS AND PSYCHOLOGICAL NEEDS OF WOMEN WITH CLIMACTERIC SYMPTOMS

为了探讨更年期症状的背景因素和有更年期症状的妇女的心理需求，我们对有和没有更年期症状的绝经妇女进行了全面的研究。本研究由三部分组成。本研究第一部分的研究对象为22名有更年期症状的绝经期妇女和100名健康绝经期妇女。问卷包括简化绝经指数（SMI）、一般健康问卷（GHQ）、状态-特质焦虑量表（STAI）、父母关系量表（PBI）和生活压力事件问卷。在本研究的第二部分，研究对象为26例有更年期症状的绝经期患者。观察两组患者SMI评分、血中雌二醇水平及加速型脉搏波的变化情况。在本研究的第三部分，研究对象是83名更年期妇女。评估受试者的SMI与GHQ的相关性和加速容积图类型。本研究的三部分结果如下：有更年期症状的绝经妇女比健康的绝经妇女经历了更多的负面生活事件。激素替代疗法（HRT）后评估的重度精神分裂症溃疡高于HRT前评估的溃疡。HRT后C型降低，B型升高。与得分在50分及以下的绝经妇女相比，得分在51分及以上的绝经妇女有更多的身体不适、更多的焦虑和更多的社交活动障碍。SMI与GHQ呈正相关。由此提示，更年期症状与心理因素、雌二醇水平和脉搏加速有一定关系。在治疗有更年期症状的绝经妇女时应考虑社会心理支持，特别是在激素替代疗法效果不理想的情况下。

In orDer to explore background factors of climacteric symptoms and psychological needs of women with climacteric symptoms, a comprehensive study was conducted among menopausal women with and without climacteric symptoms. This study consisted of three parts. In the first part of this study, the subjects were 22 menopausal patients with climacteric symptoms and 100 healthy menopausal women. A questionnaire consisted of Simplified Menopausal Index(SMI), General Health Questionnaire(GHQ), the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory(STAI), Parental Bonding Instrument(PBI) and questions about stressful life events was administered to the subjects. In the second part of this study, the subjects were 26 menopausal patients with climacteric symptoms. Change of scores of SMI, bloodestradiol levels and types of acceleration plethysmogram pattern were investigated among the subjects. In the third part of this study, the subjects were 83 menopausal women. Correlations of SMI to GHQ and types of acceleration plethysmogram pattern were evaluated in the subjects.The results of three parts of this study were as follows. Menopausal women with climacteric symptoms had experienced more negative life events than healthy menopausal women. Sores of SMI evaluated after hormone replacement therapy(HRT)was higher than that evaluated before HRT.Type C decreased and type B increased after HRT.Menopausal women who scored 51 points and above had more somatic complaints, more anxiety and more disturbance in social activities than menopausal women who scored 50 point and under. SMI positively correlated with GHQ.From these results, it is suggested that climacteric symptoms had some relation to psychological factors as well as estradiol levels and acceleration plethysmogram. Psychosocial support should be considered in treating menopausal women with climacteric symptoms, especially in the cases in which hormone replacement therapy presented unsatisfactory effects.