A STUDY ON BACKGROUND FACTORS AND NEED FOR CARE IN MOTHERS WITH MATERNITY BLUES OR POSTNATAL DEPRESSION IN A COMMUNITY.

我们对所谓的“产后抑郁”和产后抑郁症进行了前瞻性研究。研究对象为在山形大学附属医院产科就诊的111名孕妇和在山形市两家综合医院产科就诊的116名孕妇。到大学医院就诊的111名妇女中，有7.2%的人在产后一周被斯坦产后抑郁量表诊断为抑郁，9.9%的人在产后一个月被诊断为抑郁。到综合医院就诊的116名妇女中，有25.9%的人在产后一周被诊断为抑郁症，25%的人在产后一个月被诊断为抑郁症。在目前的研究中，我们把产后一周和/或一个月被判定为抑郁的妇女称为抑郁组。大学医院抑郁组孕妇妊娠8月时的STAI和SDS得分高于非抑郁组。分娩后，患者的STAI和SDS得分均保持较高水平。2 .非抑郁组分娩后抑郁量表、SDS得分均下降。与母亲产后抑郁状态有显著关系的因素有：1)初产妇，2)新生儿身体障碍，3)抑郁、焦虑和不成熟的人格特征，4)家庭支持低，5)感觉母亲过度保护或缺乏情感。这些结果提示，对孕妇的情绪状态进行检查，为新生儿母亲提供切实可行的指导和支持，对产后母亲的心理健康服务具有重要意义。

We made a prospective study on so called 'maternity blues' and postnatal depression. The subjects were 111 pregnant women who had come to the maternity clinic in Yamagata University Hospital and 116 pregnant women who had come to the maternity clinics in two general hospitals in Yamagata City.1.Seven point two percent of the 111 women who had come to the University Hospital were judged to be depressive at one week postpartum by Stein's scale for maternity blues and 9.9% were judged to be depressive at one month postpartum. Twenty-five point nine percent of the 116 women who had come to the general hospitals were judged to be depressive at one week postpartum and 25% were judged to be depressive at one month postpartum. In the present study, we called the women who were judged to be depressive at one week and/or one month postpartum depressive group.2.The women in depressive group in the University Hospital had higher scores on STAI and SDS at 8 month pregnancy than those in non-depressive group. They had maintained high scores on STAI and SDS after delivery. The women in non-depressive group showed decrease of scores on STAI and SDS after delivery.3.The factors which had significant relation to postnatal depressive states of mothers were as follows ;1) primipara, 2) physical disturbance of neonates, 3) depressive, anxious and immature personality trait, 4) low familial support, 5) feeling their mothers overprotective or lacking in affection.These results suggested that it is important in mental health service for postnatal mothers to examine emotional state of pregnant women and provide practical guidance and support for mothers of newborn.