Epidemiological Study on Temporomandibular dysfunction in School Aged People

目标：1；学龄儿童颞下颌功能障碍（TMD）的临床调查[j]。2 .基于问卷的TMD因素分析；有主观症状者定期咨询的效果。对象与方法：采用改进的Helkimo TMD量表，对长崎市小学、初中、高中14502名在校生进行TMD问卷调查。2. 采用多元logistic回归分析初高中儿童TMD症状的相关因素。3.53名至少有一种TMD症状的女初中生每年接受3次咨询，并对其进行TMD症状再评估。结果：1；小学1 ~ 3年级、小学4 ~ 6年级、初中生和高中生主观症状率分别为3.5%、7.7%、19.8%和22.8%。2. 与TMD症状相关的因素是无目的活动下颌功能障碍和咬牙。3. 初中一年级学生的“恢复”率、“改善”率、“不变”率、“进步”率分别为54.5%、27.3%、9.1%、9.1%，二、三、四年级学生分别为18.8%、62.5%、18.8%、0.0%，三、四、四年级学生分别为61.5%、15.4%、15.4%、7.7%。通过心理咨询的总恢复或改善率为75-80%。

OBJECTIVES : 1. Fact-finding of temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD) in school children, 2. Factor analysis of TMD based on questionnaire, 3. Effect of periodical counseling to those who have subjective symptom. SUBJECTS AND METHODS : 1.4,502 school children including elementary, junior high and high school students in Nagasaki were examined and answered questionnaire on TMD by modified Helkimo's TMD examination. 2. multiple logistic regression was used to analyze factors related to TMD symptom in junior high and high school children. 3.53 female junior high school children who had at least one TMD symptom were received counseling 3 times a year and their TMD symptoms were re-evaluated. RESULTS : 1. Rate of TMD subjective symptom were 3.5% for 1-3 grade elementary school children, 7.7% for 4-6 grade elementary school children, 19.8% for junior high school and 22.8% high school students, respectively. 2. The factors related to TMD symptom were parafunctions of moving lower jaw without any particular purpose and clenching. 3. The rates of "recovery", "improvement", "unchanged" and "progression" were 54.5%, 27.3%, 9.1%, 9.1% for 1st grade junior high school students, 18.8%, 62.5%, 18.8%, 0.0% for 2^<nd> grade and 61.5%, 15.4%, 15.4%, 7.7% for 3^<rd> grade, respectively. The total rates of recovery or improvement by counseling were 75-80%.