A development of an Intelligent Tutoring System on the Internet with handwriting interface

我们已经开发了一个联机手写字符识别模块，它工作在WWW客户端。它可以识别数字、运算符和一些小学算术中的符号。根据笔画特征对目标字符进行分类。我们在我们的智能教学系统（ITS）中建立了分数计算模块，并实现了一个基于WWW的智能教学系统，该系统具有手写输入功能。常见的WWW客户端（浏览器）扮演着界面的角色。它提供了一个简单的界面，没有延迟的字符识别，因为它的工作在WWW客户端。该系统的显着特点之一是，用户（学生）不仅可以输入的最终答案，但也输入其解决过程，系统理解他们，并指导他们需要时出现。我们改进了它的理解过程，使其与学生的输入过程并行。这缩短了响应时间，因为系统可以在学生当前输入的背景下分析以前的输入。我们还设计并制作了一个高中代数中数学结构识别和数学运算识别的原型模块，并在一个ITS中进行了教学设计的检验。我们引入了“学习模式”和“教学风格”的概念，并揭示了学生和ITS在上述概念中的相互认同是顺利进行学习的必要条件。

We have developed an on-line handwriting character recognition module which works on the WWW clients. It can recognize numbers, operators and some symbols in elementary school arithmetic. The target characters are classified in a tree based on their strokes' characteristics. The restriction of target characters and tree structure description enables fast and high rate in recognition.We have built this module in our Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITS) for fraction calculation and implemented an WWW-based ITS with the handwriting character input facility. The common WWW clients(browsers) play a role of the interface. It provides easy interface with no delay in character recognition, because it works in the WWW clients.One of the distinctive features of the system is that the user (students) can input not only the final answer but also input its solving processes and the system understands them and guide them as the need arises. We have improved its understanding process to work in parallel with students input process. This has shorten the response time, because the system can analyze previous inputs in the background of the students current input.We have also designed and made a prototype module of mathematical structure recognition and mathematical operation identification in high school level algebra.In addition, we have examined instructional design in an ITS. We have introduced notion of "learning mode" and " teaching style" and revealed that mutual agreement between students and ITS in the above notion is essential for smooth progress of learning.