Decomposition and conversion of waste thermosetting plastics to resources by low temperature steam plasma

低温蒸汽等离子体分解废旧热固性塑料资源化

• 批准号: 10680465
• 负责人: IHARA Tatsuhiko
• 金额: $ 2.11万
• 依托单位: Kinki University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1998 至 2000
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-10680465/
• 关键词: thermoplastics; H_2O plasma; recycling; unsaturated polyester-plastics; 不飽和ポリエステル; 熱硬化性樹脂; プラズマ化学反応; アルコール

Building up the recycling system of synthetic polymer is one of the important solution for the reduction of environmental load and several techniques has been developed for the thermoplastics such as conversion techniques to fuel oil but very few for the thermosetting plastics. In this project, decomposition of thermally hardening plastics of unsaturated polyester-plastics using H_2O plasma technique was investigated to reuse the products as resources. Both hydrogen and OH radicals were generated from H_2O plasma and those were effective to decompose the waste thermosetting plastics. In the experiment of thermal degradation, the products trapped at cold trap with dry ice-methanol comprise eight compounds of C_1 to C_5 alcohol as the main products such as methanol, ethanol, acetone, 1-propanol, 2-methyl-2-propanol, 2-methyl-1-propanol, ethylene glycol, 1-pentanol. On the other hand, thirteen compounds of C_1 to C_5 alcohol were found similar as in thermal decomposition reaction as the main products such as methanol, ethanol , acetone, 2-propanol, 1-propanol, 2-propen-1-ol, 2-methyl-2-propanol, 2-butanol, 2-methyl-1-propanol, 1-butanol, 3-pentanol, 2-methyl-1-butanol, propylene glycol. The plasma system could realize zero emission of waste during the process ; i.e. environmentally friendly process.

建立合成聚合物的回收系统是减少环境负荷的重要解决方案之一，已经开发了几种用于热塑性塑料的技术，如转化为燃料油的技术，但很少用于热固性塑料。本课题研究了利用H_2O等离子体技术分解不饱和聚酯塑料中的热硬化塑料，以实现其资源化利用。H_2O等离子体产生的氢自由基和OH自由基对分解废热固性塑料都是有效的。在热降解实验中，干冰-甲醇冷阱捕集的产物主要包括甲醇、乙醇、丙酮、1-丙醇、2-甲基-2-丙醇、2-甲基-1-丙醇、乙二醇、1-戊醇等8种C_1 ~ C_5醇类化合物。C_1 ~ C_5醇类化合物中，甲醇、乙醇、丙酮、2-丙醇、1-丙醇、2-丙醇、2-甲基-2-丙醇、2-丁醇、2-甲基-1-丙醇、1-丁醇、3-戊醇、2-甲基-1-丁醇、丙二醇等13种化合物与热分解反应相似，为主要产物。等离子体系统可以实现过程中废物的零排放，即环境友好的过程。