Structural Analyses of Biomaterial Surfaces by X-ray Diffraction

通过 X 射线衍射对生物材料表面进行结构分析

基本信息

批准号：
10680796
负责人：
NISHINO Takashi
金额：
$ 2.3万
依托单位：
Kobe University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1998
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1998 至 2000
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

First of all, the experimental apparatus for so-called "Thin Films X-ray Diffraction" and/or "Glazing Angle Incidence of X-ray Diffraction" was set up.After that, by using these system, the surface was analyzed for poly-α-olefins, such as isotactic polypropylene and polybutene-1. The comparison of the crystallinities between the surface and the bulk was done for the films annealed in air at different temperature and times. The crystallinity was lower for the surface compared with the bulk irrespective of annealing conditions. The change in crystallinity drastically occurred up to several micrometers depth from the surface, and the crystallinity was getting low near the surface. The apparent crystallite sizes were smaller for the surface. These showed that crystal growth was restricted near the surface because of localized defects (including chain ends), and high chain mobility. Annealing at higher temperature brought the surface oxidation, which also decreased the surface crystallinity. The residual stress near the surface owing to the quenching from the melt was also detected by this method. The blends of these poly-α-olefins were also investigated. It was found that polypropylene component was predominant at the surface because of its low surface free energy compared with that of polybutene-1.Next, these system were extended for analyses of surface and interface structures of poly (vinyl alcohol) and its laminates. These novel X-ray diffraction methods were found to be quite powerful to investigate the surface and interfacial structures of polymeric biomaterials.

首先，建立了所谓的“薄膜X射线衍射”和/或“ X射线衍射的玻璃角发生率”的实验设备。通过使用这些系统分析了poly-α-烯烃的表面，例如同型聚丙烯和多丁烯-1。在不同温度和时间在空气中退火的薄膜进行了表面和大块之间的结晶性比较。与大体相比，表面的结晶度较低，而不论退火条件如何。结晶度的变化急剧从表面远至几微米深度，并且结晶度在表面附近越来越低。表面的表观晶体尺寸较小。这些表明，由于局部缺陷（包括链末端）和高链迁移率，晶体生长受到表面附近的限制。在较高温度下退火带来了表面氧化，这也改善了表面结晶度。由于这种方法还检测到了由于熔体淬火而在表面附近的残余应力。还研究了这些多α-烯烃的混合物。发现聚丙烯成分在表面上是主要的，因为其低表面自由能与聚丁烯-1.next相比，这些系统扩展了用于分析聚（乙烯基醇）及其层状的表面和界面结构。发现这些新型的X射线衍射方法非常强大，可以研究聚合物生物材料的表面和界面结构。