Preparation and Properties of Environmentally Friendly Self-reinforced Composites

环保型自增强复合材料的制备及性能

基本信息

批准号：
17310047
负责人：
NISHINO Takashi
金额：
$ 9.72万
依托单位：
Kobe University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2005
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2005 至 2007
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Self-reinforced composite, in which reinforcement and matrix are both composed of chemically same substance, was prepared using environmentally-friendly materials. The structure and properties of two kinds of composites, that is, all-cellulose composite and all-poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) composite, were investigated in this research project. The former is composed of totally biomass resource. We tried two different processes. One is by dissolving the cellulose fiber surface selectively using solvent, and the other is by converting the cellulose fiber surface into thermoplastic cellulose derivative using supercritical carbon dioxide as reaction medium. The all-cellulose composite could be successfully prepared by converting the fiber surface into the matrix using these methods. The composites showed excellent mechanical properties superior to those of conventional glass-fiber reinforced composite (GFRP).They were also found to possess high thermal resistance and high optical transparenc … More y. Part of this work was awarded the 2007 prize of the cellulose society, Japan.PVA is a kind of biodegradable polymers, and also known as a water soluble polymer. However, high temperature (boiling water) is needed to dissolve highly crystalline PVA. So water-solubility of PVA can be distinguished by the difference of the crystallinity. All-PVA composite could be prepared by impregnating PVA aqueous solution into highly drawn / high crystalline PVA fibers. By optimizing preparation methods and conditions, the all-PVA composite with its modulus > 17 GPa, tensile strength > 600 MPa could be prepared. These correspond to those of high performance composites, which indicates that all-PVA composite can be a good candidate as an alternative of conventional GFRP. The composite was optical transparent, and these properties could be also controlled by the fiber alignment in the composite.During these three years, the project of the preparation and properties of environmentally friendly self-reinforced composites proceeded with the program as arranged. Less

使用环保材料制备了自我增强的复合材料，其中钢筋和基质都由化学相同的物质组成。在该研究项目中研究了两种组成的结构和性能，即全纤维素复合材料和全聚醇（乙烯基醇）（乙烯基醇）（乙烯基醇）复合材料。前者由完全生物质资源组成。我们尝试了两个不同的过程。一种是通过使用溶剂选择性地溶解纤维素纤维表面，另一个是通过将纤维素纤维表面转化为热塑性纤维素衍生物，使用超临界二氧化碳作为反应培养基。可以通过使用这些方法将纤维表面转换为基质来成功制备全纤维素复合材料。这些组合物显示出优异的机械性能，优于常规玻璃纤维增强复合材料（GFRP）。还发现它们具有较高的热电阻和高光学透明的……更多。这项工作的一部分被授予日本纤维素协会2007年奖。PVA是一种可生物降解的聚合物，也称为水固体聚合物。但是，需要高温（沸水）来溶解高度结晶的PVA。因此，可以通过结晶度的差异来区分PVA的水溶性。可以通过将PVA水溶液浸入高度吸收 /高晶体PVA纤维中来制备All-PVA复合材料。通过优化制备方法和条件，可以制备及其模量> 17 GPA的All-PVA复合材料，可以制备拉伸强度> 600 MPa。这些对应于高性能组成的成分，这表明All-PVA复合材料可以作为常规GFRP的替代品是一个很好的候选者。该复合材料是光学透明的，这些特性也可以通过复合材料中的纤维对齐来控制。在这三年中，环境友好自我增强的构图的准备和特性的项目按计划进行了。较少的