权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

Diversity in the patterns of daily emergence/dispersal behavior and timing systems in subtidal small invertebrates

潮下小型无脊椎动物日常出现/扩散行为和计时系统模式的多样性

基本信息

批准号：
10836014
负责人：
SAIGUSA Masayuki
金额：
$ 2.05万
依托单位：
OKAYAMA UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1998
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1998 至 2000
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Many small invertebrates inhabiting shallow subtidal zones emerge at times into the water column. Daily timing of emergence/dispersal behavior shows a wide variety of synchrony with day/night and tidal cycles, depending on the species. To detect any regional difference in their patterns, the sampling was carried out at four regions : the north temperate sea (Akkeshi), the middle temperate sea (Sugashima), The Inland Sea (Ushimado), and the subtropical sea (Iriomote-jima). The pattern of major taxa was examined by visual inspection and by two statistical methods. The composition of the taxa, mostly crustaceans, was similar in each region. The daily fluctuation in number of 'taxa' showed a nocturnal pattern in each region. Nocturnal patterns were conspicuous at Iriomote-jima. With regard to the synchrony with the tidal cycle, the patterns with a double-tidal interval occupied the majority. Many patterns were slightly modified by the tide. Variation of synchrony with the tide indicates that by definition the tidal rhythm can only be distinguished from the day/night rhythm. In the new definition, daily activity patterns synchronized with the day/night cycle alone can be called a day/night rhythm, and those modified by the tidal cycle as well as synchrony with day/night cycle, even if very weakly, can be called a tidal rhythm. Since the tidal rhythm is only a variation of the circadian rhythm, it is entrained by at least two kinds of zeitgeber. Factors correlated with the tidal cycle, e.g., hydrostatic pressure or turbulence of water is one zeitgeber. Moonlight cycle could also be the tidal zeitgeber. On the other hand, we have demonstrated that 24-hour light/dark cycles are much more reliable zeitgeber of the tidal rhythm than tide-correlated factors. Such a characteristic of the tidal rhythm is explainable in terms of coupled two oscillators.

许多居住在潮下浅水区的小型无脊椎动物有时会出现在水柱中。根据物种的不同，出现/扩散行为的日时间与昼夜和潮汐周期表现出广泛的同步性。在北温带海域（阿克什）、中温带海域（杉岛）、内海（乌岛岛）和副热带海域（岛岛）四个区域进行了采样，以检测其模式的区域差异。采用目测法和两种统计方法对主要分类群的分布格局进行了分析。各地区的分类群组成相似，以甲壳类为主。各区域“分类群”数量的日变化呈夜间变化模式。Iriomote-jima的夜间模式很明显。在与潮汐周期的同步性方面，双潮间隔型占多数。许多图案受到潮水的轻微影响。与潮汐同步的变化表明，根据定义，潮汐节律只能与昼夜节律区分开来。在新的定义中，仅与昼夜周期同步的日常活动模式可称为昼夜节律，而那些受潮汐周期的影响以及与昼夜周期同步的活动模式，即使非常微弱，也可称为潮汐节律。由于潮汐节律只是昼夜节律的一种变化，它至少被两种授时因子所控制。与潮汐周期相关的因素，例如静水压力或水的湍流是一个授时因子。月光周期也可能是潮汐授时因子。另一方面，我们已经证明，24小时的明暗周期比潮汐相关因子更可靠的潮汐节律的授时因子。潮汐节律的这种特性可以用耦合的两个振子来解释。