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Experimental Study on the Chemical Processes Associated with Formation of Volcanic Gas

与火山气体形成相关的化学过程的实验研究

基本信息

批准号：
11304040
负责人：
NOTSU Kenji
金额：
$ 24.45万
依托单位：
The University of Tokyo
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
1999
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1999 至 2001
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

It is well-known that volcanic volatiles control the condition of magma and are related to eruptive activities. A lot of observational studies on the chemical composition of volcanic volatiles have been already conducted, and degassing phenomena has been studied in view of theoretical point. However, experimental approach to understand the origin and evolution of volcanic volatiles has not been carried out yet. In this research project, we tried to make sure the chemical processes during the formation of volcanic gas according the following 3 steps. 1: Formation of minute bubbles under chemically-controlled environment using a high pressure apparatus. 2 : Establishment of micro-spectroscopy to, determine chemical cpmposition of fluid inclusions of synthesized or natural minerals. 3 : Improvement of in-situ chemical analyzes of volcanic gas. As to 1, we repeated bubble formation experiments under various chemical conditions As to 2, we developed a system of micro-raman spectroscopy with extremely high sensitivity. Among the many results using this system, it must be mentioned that fossil pressure of fluid inclusions, could be estimated based on pressure-dependence of raman shift of C0_2. As to 3 we developed a in-situ system of determination of volcanic gas using a micro gas chromatograph. We also obtained good results on chemical information of volcanic gas of diffuse emission.

众所周知，火山挥发物控制着岩浆的状况并与喷发活动有关。人们对火山挥发物的化学成分进行了大量的观测研究，并从理论角度对脱气现象进行了研究。然而，目前尚未开展了解火山挥发物起源和演化的实验方法。在这个研究项目中，我们试图按照以下三个步骤来确定火山气体形成过程中的化学过程。 1：使用高压装置在化学控制环境下形成微小气泡。 2：建立显微光谱学来确定合成或天然矿物的流体包裹体的化学成分。 3：火山气体原位化学分析的改进。对于1，我们在各种化学条件下重复了气泡形成实验。对于2，我们开发了具有极高灵敏度的显微拉曼光谱系统。在使用该系统的众多结果中，必须提到的是，流体包裹体的化石压力可以根据CO_2拉曼位移的压力依赖性来估计。对于3，我们开发了一种使用微型气相色谱仪原位测定火山气体的系统。我们在火山喷发气体的化学信息方面也取得了很好的成果。