STUDY OF THE BANNER SOCIETY OF INNER MONGOLIA USING QING DYNASTY ARCHIVAL SOURCES.

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This research project aims at the investigation on the Qing era society of Inner Mongolia, especially focusing how the former social systems maintaind under the newly established cighulghan qosighu administrative systems of Qing rule. For the purpose of study these agenda, the archival sources of various Qing administrative units published in Inner Mongolia were used. Then I selected two volume collected sources, i.e., "Meng kuwang an quan" and "Cheng ji si han ba bai shi"(the Eight shrines for Qinggis Qan) and made investigation. As the result of that the facts that the former collection of archival sources is not include any materials about Mongolian indeginous society but covered only on the administrative structures of Chinese beaurocratic activities relating the cultivation of Inner Mongolian stepp, and that latter is a valuable source for native banner society of western part of Inner Mongolia, Ordos, which maintained Qinggis qan rituals during several hundred years up to now. That is because I focused my investigation on this collection of materials. This collection published several hundreds of archival documents only concerning to the Qing period. Through my investigation, it clearly recognized that the Qinggis qan shrine and its rituals were maintaind not only by Ordos tribe but also by whole Mongolian nobles of Inner and Outer Mongolia. And the Darqads, which are the social unit carring out the rituals, recognized themselves independent from any Mongolian tribal unit including Ordos, and were free from any tax burden exept from ritual expense. This shows us that the Mongols under Qing rule which splitted the political unity of Mongolian tribes, maintained their spiritual unification through the Qinggis qan rituals.