STUDY OF THE BANNER SOCIETY OF INNER MONGOLIA USING QING DYNASTY ARCHIVAL SOURCES.

本研究以考察清代内蒙古社会为研究对象，着重探讨在新建立的清朝慈姑、乔斯湖行政体制下，原有的社会制度如何得以维持。为了研究这些议程，我们使用了清朝在内蒙古出版的各个行政单位的档案资料。在此基础上，选取了《孟阔望安泉》和《成吉思汗八白石》两卷本进行了考证。由此可见，前一批档案资料并不包括任何关于蒙古原始社会的资料，而只是涵盖了与内蒙古草原耕作有关的中国民间文学活动的管理结构，而后者是内蒙古鄂尔多斯西部地方旗帜社会的宝贵资源，该民族旗帜社会至今保持了几百年的清吉思汗仪式。这是因为我把我的调查重点放在了这批材料上。这部集出版了数百份仅与清代有关的档案文献。通过我的考察，清楚地认识到青衣观及其仪式不仅是鄂尔多斯部落的，而且是内蒙和外蒙的整个蒙古族贵族都维护的。而作为进行仪式的社会单位的达尔卡德人，承认自己独立于包括鄂尔多斯在内的任何蒙古部落单位，并且没有任何除仪式费用以外的税收负担。由此可见，清王朝统治下的蒙古人分裂了蒙古部落的政治团结，通过清真寺的清官仪式维护了蒙古部落的精神统一。

This research project aims at the investigation on the Qing era society of Inner Mongolia, especially focusing how the former social systems maintaind under the newly established cighulghan qosighu administrative systems of Qing rule. For the purpose of study these agenda, the archival sources of various Qing administrative units published in Inner Mongolia were used. Then I selected two volume collected sources, i.e., "Meng kuwang an quan" and "Cheng ji si han ba bai shi"(the Eight shrines for Qinggis Qan) and made investigation. As the result of that the facts that the former collection of archival sources is not include any materials about Mongolian indeginous society but covered only on the administrative structures of Chinese beaurocratic activities relating the cultivation of Inner Mongolian stepp, and that latter is a valuable source for native banner society of western part of Inner Mongolia, Ordos, which maintained Qinggis qan rituals during several hundred years up to now. That is because I focused my investigation on this collection of materials. This collection published several hundreds of archival documents only concerning to the Qing period. Through my investigation, it clearly recognized that the Qinggis qan shrine and its rituals were maintaind not only by Ordos tribe but also by whole Mongolian nobles of Inner and Outer Mongolia. And the Darqads, which are the social unit carring out the rituals, recognized themselves independent from any Mongolian tribal unit including Ordos, and were free from any tax burden exept from ritual expense. This shows us that the Mongols under Qing rule which splitted the political unity of Mongolian tribes, maintained their spiritual unification through the Qinggis qan rituals.