The development of materialism in the early-Enlightenment of France

让·梅斯利尔(Jean Meslier，1664-1729)的《回忆录》(Memoire&gt；&gt；)是法国早期最重要的秘密手稿之一。首先，我们根据最近建立的资料描述了梅里耶的生活和工作，以防止18世纪初唯物主义无神论者的神秘传说。其次，我们审视了梅里耶从对基督教基本教义：三位一体、化身和圣餐的驳斥中得出无神论结论的努力。梅里耶在他的驳斥中描绘了一个荒谬的上帝形象，他可以产生无限的儿童和基督谁已经是穷人中的一个疯狂的宗派分子的想法，虔诚的欺诈牧师谁假装圣餐的神秘。简而言之，村里的牧师用唯物主义的消极观念来唤醒农民。第三，我们考察了他与伪装成不朽灵魂的笛卡尔学派的争论。梅里耶提出了一个关于凡人灵魂的唯物主义解释，使用并重建了马勒布兰奇的有神论表达。同时，他还揭示了笛卡尔的一个隐藏的目的：基督教对人类不朽的道歉，这一目的建立在巴迪和精神的哲学二元论的基础上。此外，我们还翻译了著名的秘密手稿之一&lt；&lt；Extrit de Sentiments de Jean Meslier&gt；(伏尔泰于1762年出版)的自然神论版本。

In the inquiry into the sources and nature of atheism in early-modern France, << Memoire>> of Jean Meslier(1664-1729) is one of the most important and early clandestine manuscripts. Primarily, we have described the life and work of <Cure Meslier> on the data recently founded in order to prevent some mysterious legend of the materialistic atheist in the beginning of 18^<th> century. Secondarily, we have scan Meslier's efforts to reach atheistic conclusions from the refutations of Christian fundamental doctrine : Trinity, Incarnation and Eucharist. In his refutations Meslier have drawn a ridiculous image of God who can produce infinite of children and of Christ who had been a mad sectarian in the poor people with the idea of pious fraud of the priests who pretend the mystery of Eucharist. In short the priest of village have given a negative idea of <materialistic> Holy God to wake up the peasants. Thirdly, we have searched his controversy with the Cartesians who pretended the immortal soul. Meslier have formulated a materialistic explanation of the mortal soul, using and reconstructing the theistic expressions of Malebranche. In the same time, he have revealed a Cartesian hidden purpose : Christian Apology for the Immortality of human beings which is based on the philosophical dualism of Bady and Spirit. Additionally, we have translated a deistic version of << Extrait de sentiments de Jean Meslier>>( published by Voltaire in 1762 ), one of the famous clandestine manuscripts.