Process of Establishement of the International Criminal Court-on Core Crimes under the Jurisdiction-

1.本研究旨在明确1998年《国际刑事法院罗马规约》对研究国际刑事法院管辖范围内的所谓“核心罪行”即灭绝种族罪、危害人类罪、战争罪和侵略罪的制定过程的历史意义。2.首先，在对1919年巴黎和平会议以来关于设立国际刑事法院的建议，包括纽伦堡和东京国际军事法庭以及前南斯拉夫问题和卢旺达问题特设国际法庭的建议进行历史性审查之后，联合国安全理事会决议所设前南问题国际法庭和卢旺达问题国际法庭，这一研究推动了联合国和罗马外交会议对《国际刑事法院规约草案》的研究。第二，在核心犯罪中，通过纽伦堡审判中的“危害和平罪”来研究罗马规约中没有界定的侵略罪。虐待战俘问题在东京审判中被认为是最重要的战争罪之一，在《罗马规约》中被列为严重违反人道主义法的行为。前南问题国际法庭上诉分庭对Dusko Tadic案的研究除其他外处理了危害人类罪。

1.This research is to make clear historic significance of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court of 1998 in studing the elaborating processes of so-called "core crimes" under the jurisdiction of the Court, that is, the crime of genocide ; crimes against humanity ; war crimes ; and the crime of aggression. 2. First, after historical survey of the proposals of an International Criminal Court since Paris Peace Conference of 1919, including International Military Tribunals of Nuremberg and Tokyo as well as as hoc International Tribunals for the Former Yugoslavia and Rwanda (ICTY and ICTR) established by the resolutions of the Security Council of the UN, this research advanced the study of elaboration of the Draft Statute of the International Criminal Court in the UN and diplomatic Conference of Rome. As State practices relating to the signature and the ratification of the Statute, the arguments of the United States and the Consitutional debate for the ratification by France have been analysed.3.Secondly, Among the core crimes, the crime of aggression which is not defined in the Rome Statute is studied through "crime against peace" treated in the Nuremberg Trial. The problem of ill-treatment of Prisoners of war which has been considered as one of the most important war crimes in Tokyo Trial has been enumerated as grave breach of humanitarian law in the Rome Statute. The study of Dusko Tadic case in the Appeals Chamber of the ICTY treated among others the crime agaisnt humanity.