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Studies on the Land Policy in War-time Japan, 1941-1945

1941-1945年日本战时土地政策研究

基本信息

批准号：
11630081
负责人：
SAKANE Yoshihiro
金额：
$ 2.11万
依托单位：
HIROSHIMA UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1999
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1999 至 2002
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The purpose of this research project is to analyze the land policies empirically and to clarify the effects of the land policies in war-time and postwar reform period in Japan. The land policies which are taken up by this research project are "Kosakuryou-Tousei-Rei" (execution act of controlling of rents), "Rinji-Nouchi-Tou-Kanri-Rei" (temporary execution act of management of farmland), "Rinji-Nouchi-Kakaku-Tousei-Rei" (temporary execution act of controlling of farmland price) and "Nouchi-Sakutuke-Tousei" (execution of management of crop). In this research project, I have made efforts to collect the varying documents related with the land policies such as the primary documents of the Ministry of Agriculture, the prefectural official gazettes and so on. By analyzing these documents, the plentiful effects are obtained.Among the results of this research project, the results of "Kosakuryou-Tousei-Rei" (execution act of controlling of rents) are as follows. I point out three points of this act. First one is that the region where the tenant conditions had been revised was 20% of the tenant land on the national average by execution of article four of this act, though there were different results between prefectures. The second is that collective landlord-tenant relations were formed with article four of this act. Thus the conventional landlord-tenant relations were widely changed. The third is because the government was not able to provide a clear policy of turning the reduced part of rents to advantage for a sharp increase in food production, this act did not necessarily become effective to the food production increase.I have contributed four articles on the results of this research project to the scientific journals of referee system.

本研究的目的是对日本战时和战后改革时期的土地政策进行实证分析，并阐明其效果。本研究项目采用的土地政策是“Kosakuryou-Tousei-Rei”（租金控制执行法案）、“Rinji Nouchi-Tou-Kanri-Rei”（农田管理临时执行法案）、“Rinji Nouchi-Kakaku-Tousei-Rei”（农田价格控制临时执行法案）和“Nouchi-Sakutuke-Tousei”（农作物管理执行法案）。在本研究中，收集了农业省的主要文件、县政府公报等与土地政策相关的各种文件，通过分析这些文件，获得了丰富的效果。在本研究中，关于“小樱统整令”（地租管制执行法）的研究结果如下：我指出这项法案的三点。第一，根据该法第四条的规定，修改租地条件的地区占全国平均租地的20%，但各都道府县的结果有所不同。第二，集体地主与佃户关系是根据该法第四条形成的。因此，传统的地主与佃农的关系发生了巨大的变化。第三是由于政府未能提供明确的政策，将租金减少的部分转化为粮食产量急剧增加的优势，因此该法案并不一定对粮食产量的增加有效。我已就该研究项目的成果向裁判系统科学期刊发表了四篇文章。