Solution structure and function of branched polymers having dissociation groups

1.设计和建造了由高亮度旋转阳极发生器和并排多层镀膜反射镜组成的新型小角X射线散射装置。新系统还包括激光光散射光谱仪，以观察从A到μM的整个材料结构。具有解离基团的线型聚合物的溶液结构。(1)考察了聚电解质的溶液结构与聚合物浓度、相对分子质量和反离子的依赖关系。(2)用粘度计和SAXS技术研究了离聚体在不同介电常数的溶剂中的链构象。(3)从胶凝机理的角度讨论了硫化多糖链构象与分子中硫酸基团的数目和位置的关系。支化聚合物的溶液结构。(1)由于具有两亲性，以多糖链为侧链的大分子单体的构象变为准螺旋构象。(2)用SAXS观察到具有支化结构的木葡聚糖链的构象。详细讨论了乙醇对木聚糖溶液的凝胶化机理。具有解离基团的支化聚合物的链构象和功能(1)梳状大分子的侧链中引入带电基团增强了主链的刚性，这是由于侧链和相邻侧链之间的静电相互作用。(2)当两个分子在同一溶液中时，阳离子接枝到水溶性侧链上抑制了DNA分子周围的反离子缩合程度。对此结果进行了讨论，并对聚阳离子对DNA的双链和三链的稳定性进行了讨论。

1. The new Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) facilities composed of a high brilliance rotating anode generator coupled with a side-by-side multilayer coated mirror was designed and constructed. The laser light scattering spectrometer was also included into the new system to observe the whole structure of materials from A to μm.2. Solution structures of linear polymers having dissociation groups.(1) The dependence of solution structures of polyelectrolyte on polymer concentration, molecular weight and counter ions were examined, especially for counter ion condensation.(2) Chain conformation of ionomers in solvents varying dielectric constants was investigated using viscometry and SAXS technique.(3) The relationship between chain conformation of sulfated polysaccharides and number and position of sulfated groups in the molecules was discussed in terms of gelation mechanism.3. Solution structures of branched polymer.(1) The conformation of polymacromonomer having polysaccharide chains as a side chain was found to a quasi-helical one because of the amphipathic property.(2) The chain conformation of xyloglucan with branch structure was observed by SAXS. The gelation mechanism of xyloglucan solution induced by the addition of ethanol was discussed in detail.4. Chain conformation and function of branched polymer having dissociation groups(1) The introduction of charged groups into side chains of a comb-like polymacromonomer enhanced the main chain rigidity because of the electrostatic interactions in a side chain and between adjacent side chains.(2) Polycations grafted water-soluble side chains suppressed the degree of counterion condensation around DNA molecules when both molecules were in the same solution. This result was discussed with the stabilization of double strand and triple one of DNA due to the polycation.