Solution structure and function of branched polymers having dissociation groups

1.设计并建造了一台由高亮度旋转阳极发生器和并排多层膜反射镜组成的小角X射线散射（SAXS）装置。新系统还包括激光光散射光谱仪，用于观察材料从A到μ m的整体结构.具有离解基团的线型高分子的溶液结构。(1)考察了聚合物浓度、相对分子质量和反离子对溶液结构的影响，特别是反离子凝聚对溶液结构的影响。(2)用粘度法和小角X射线散射技术研究了离聚物在不同介电常数溶剂中的链构象。(3)从凝胶化机理的角度探讨了硫酸化多糖分子中硫酸基团的数量和位置与其链构象的关系.支化聚合物的溶液结构。(1)以多糖链为侧链的大分子单体具有两亲性，其构象为准螺旋构象。(2)用小角X射线散射（SAXS）观察了具有分支结构的木葡聚糖的链构象。详细探讨了乙醇诱导木葡聚糖溶液凝胶化的机理.含离解基团的支化聚合物的链构象与功能（1）梳状大分子单体侧链上引入带电基团，由于侧链上和相邻侧链之间的静电相互作用，提高了主链的刚性。(2)聚阳离子接枝的水溶性侧链抑制了DNA分子在同一溶液中的反凝聚程度。并结合聚阳离子对DNA双链和三链的稳定作用进行了讨论。

1. The new Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) facilities composed of a high brilliance rotating anode generator coupled with a side-by-side multilayer coated mirror was designed and constructed. The laser light scattering spectrometer was also included into the new system to observe the whole structure of materials from A to μm.2. Solution structures of linear polymers having dissociation groups.(1) The dependence of solution structures of polyelectrolyte on polymer concentration, molecular weight and counter ions were examined, especially for counter ion condensation.(2) Chain conformation of ionomers in solvents varying dielectric constants was investigated using viscometry and SAXS technique.(3) The relationship between chain conformation of sulfated polysaccharides and number and position of sulfated groups in the molecules was discussed in terms of gelation mechanism.3. Solution structures of branched polymer.(1) The conformation of polymacromonomer having polysaccharide chains as a side chain was found to a quasi-helical one because of the amphipathic property.(2) The chain conformation of xyloglucan with branch structure was observed by SAXS. The gelation mechanism of xyloglucan solution induced by the addition of ethanol was discussed in detail.4. Chain conformation and function of branched polymer having dissociation groups(1) The introduction of charged groups into side chains of a comb-like polymacromonomer enhanced the main chain rigidity because of the electrostatic interactions in a side chain and between adjacent side chains.(2) Polycations grafted water-soluble side chains suppressed the degree of counterion condensation around DNA molecules when both molecules were in the same solution. This result was discussed with the stabilization of double strand and triple one of DNA due to the polycation.