Genetic linkage analysis of ecological traits and molecular markers in Lilium

本研究旨在揭示长花百合和台湾百合这两个近缘种和分布种的进化和遗传背景。基于等位酶变异的种群遗传分析表明，长花百合是晚更新世前后长花百合南缘种群的一个衍生种。台湾落叶松播种后一年内开花的“早花”特征似乎反映在地上部分的年净生产量明显大于长花落叶松，即使地下部分的年净生产量在两个物种之间相当的情况下也是如此。台湾龙须草的自交亲和性和夏季开花性状在F_1代中几乎占主导地位。这些结果表明，这些生态性状在祖先群体中积累的显性突变促进了台湾乳杆菌的种化，F_2的后代被分为具有或不具有源于台湾乳杆菌的‘早花’性状。‘早花’出现在净生产量较大的个体中。这表明控制净产量的基因与‘早花’密切相关。利用随机扩增多态性DNA(随机扩增多态DNA)标记构建遗传连锁图谱是相当困难的，因为没有足够的稳定分辨的随机扩增多态性DNA标记。因此，分子标记和数量性状基因座(QTL)的定位应使用扩增片段长度多态性(AFLP)等可替代的稳定分辨的DNA标记。

The aim of the present research is to reveal evolutionary and genetic backgrounds of ecological traits that significantly differentiate closely- related, and -distributed species, Lilium longiflorum and L. formosanum.Population genetic analysis based on allozyme variations suggests that L. formosanum is a derivative from southern peripheral populations of L. longiflorum around the late Pleistcene. The `early flowering` trait characterized by virgin flowering coming within a year from sowing in L. formosanum seemed to be reflected in the significantly larger annual net production in a plant body above the ground than that of L. longiflorum, even in the case that the annual net production in an underground part was comparable between the species.All F_1 progenies generated from crosses between L. formosanum and L. longiflorum flowered within a year from sowing. Self-compatibility and summer flowering traits of L. formosanum appeared almost dominantly in F_1 progenies. These results indicate that accumulated dominant mutations for such ecological traits in an ancestral population promote speciation of L. formosanum from L. longiflorum.Progenies in F_2 were segregated into ones with or without the `early-flowering` trait originated from L. formosanum. The `early-flowering` was appeared in individuals with the larger net production. This indicates that genes controlling net production closely concern the `early flowering`.Construction of genetic linkage map with randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers was quite difficult, since stably-resolved RAPD markers were not obtained sufficiently. Thus, mapping of molecular markers and Quantitative trait loci (QTL) should be conducted using such alternative stably-resolved DNA markers as amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP).