Genetic world and Japanese map of plant viruses

芜菁花叶病毒（Turnip mosaic virus，TuMV）是马铃薯Y病毒属的一种病毒，在世界范围内广泛发生。从世界各地收集了76个TuMV分离物，大多数来自芸苔属和萝卜属作物，但也有几个非芸苔属物种。宿主试验将分离株分为两种致病型。测定了它们基因组第一蛋白（P1）和外壳蛋白（CP）基因的核苷酸序列。这些序列的系统发育关系分别进行了评估。这两个基因的分类相似，揭示了两个广泛一致的寄主特异性谱系的分离物，也明确的地理聚类;一个谱系主要是从萝卜作物在东亚，另一个是遗传和地理上更多样化，来自芸苔属作物和非芸苔属物种。进一步的比较表明，许多分离物是重组体，有些是繁殖的，大多数是基因内的。他们还表明，划分萝卜属谱系的最一致的系统发育信号来自P1基因的3'末端一半和CP基因的5'末端一半。系统发育关系表明，基因组重组和宿主适应过程中发生的迁移传播的病毒，也许从地中海地区和欧洲到世界其他地区，以及萝卜属致病型谱系最近在东亚演变。这可能是迄今为止对目前造成世界作物大流行的单一植物病毒物种的起源、全球迁移传播、宿主适应、致病性分离和遗传重组进行的最详细的研究。此外，还对日本马铃薯Y病毒坏死株系的分子进化进行了研究。

Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV), a species of the genus Potyvirus, occurs worldwide. Seventy six isolates of TuMV were collected from around the world, mostly from Brassica and Raphanus crops, but also several non-brassicaceous species. Host tests grouped the isolates into one or other of two pathotypes. The nt sequences of the first protein (P1) and coat protein (CP) genes of their genomes were determined. The phylogenetic relationships of these sequences were assessed separately. The taxonomies of the two genes were similar, and revealed two broadly consistent host-specific lineages among the isolates, and also clear geographic clustering ; one lineage was mostly from Raphanus crops in East Asia, the other was genetically and geographically much more diverse and came from Brassica crops and non-brassicaeous species. Further comparisons showed that many of the isolates were recombinants, some multiply and most intragenically. They also showed that the most consistent phylogenetic signal delimiting the Raphanus lineage came from the 3' terminal half of the P1 gene and the 5' terminal half of the CP gene. The phylogenetic relationships indicate that genomic recombination and host adaptation have occurred during migratory spread of the virus, perhaps from the Mediterranean region and Europe to the other parts of the world, and that the Raphanus pathotype lineage has recently evolved in East Asia. This is probably the most detailed study yet on the origins, worldwide migratory spread, host adaptation, pathogenic segregation and genetic recombination of a single plant virus species currently causing a world crop pandemic. Moreover, molecular evolution of Potato virus Y necrotic strain in Japan was investigated.