Theoretical and Empirical Study on Conversion of Business Forms in Farming ; Comparison of Japan, EU and USA

本研究从理论和实证两方面探讨了农业经营形式转换的方法，以制定促进日本各种农业机构发展的措施。家族控股可以分为三种商业形式，如独资企业、合伙企业和公司。自20世纪80年代以来，不仅在欧盟、美国，在日本，家庭农场已经从所有制转变为合伙企业和公司的商业形式。通过对正规农场工人的观点分析，将家庭农场分为以下五种类型；(1)没有正规雇工的农户（2000年为55.7%）(2)有老年正规雇工的农户（29.4%）(3)有女性正规雇工的农户（7.3%）(4)有家庭成员正规雇工的农户（14.9%）(5)有雇工的农户（10.1%）。拥有老年正规雇工的农户在增加，雇佣雇工的农户也在迅速增加。

This study dealt with theoretical and empirical approaches to conversion of business forms in farming to develop the measures for promoting various farming establishments in Japan.Family holdings can be divided into three types of business forms, such as proprietorships, partnerships and companies. Family farms have converted proprietorships to partnerships and companies in business forms since 1980's in not only EU, USA but also Japan.By an analysis on a view point of regular farm workers family farms are classified into following five types ; (1) farm household without regular farm workers ( 55.7% in 2000 ) (2) farm household with aged regular farm workers ( 29.4% ) (3) with female regular farm workers ( 7.3% ) (4) with family member regular farm workers ( 14.9% ) (5) with hired labor ( 10.1% ). Farm households with aged regular farm workers have been increasing and ones with hired labor also increasing rapidly.