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Relation between the Brainstem and Hypothalamus in Neural Mechanism of Sleep and Wakefulness

脑干与下丘脑在睡眠与觉醒神经机制中的关系

基本信息

批准号：
11670074
负责人：
KAYAMA Yukihiko
金额：
$ 2.05万
依托单位：
Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1999
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1999 至 2000
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-11670074/
关键词：
acetylcholine neuron laterodorsal tegmentum hypothalamus prolactin orexin paradoxical sleep wakefulness

项目摘要

We have investigated neural mechanisms of sleep and wakefulness mainly by means of recording neuronal activity in the brainstem, which may have some relation with another center for sleep control, the hypothalamus. The aim of this project is to see whether there are direct functional connections between brainstem cholinergic neurons and the hypothalamus, and which transmitter may be utilized in the connection.Effects of electrical stimulation of the preoptic area, posterior hypothalamus, thalamus or frontal cortex was observed while single neuronal activity of cholinergic neurons was recorded in the laterodorsal tegmental nucleus. Both antidromic and orthodromic responses were evoked most frequently when the preoptic area was stimulated. The result suggests that the preoptic area is the most important structure both as a receiver of the cholinergic projection and as a server to influence cholinergic neuronal activity.As a candidate of transmitter of hypothalamic neurons acting on the brainstem cholinergic neurons, effects of prolactin, which had been shown to increase paradoxical sleep when infused intraventricularly, was examined on neuronal activity of the cholinergic neurons. A small amount of prolactin was ejected locally with air pressure from drug electrode attached in close vicinity of tip of the recording electrode. Only small number of the cholinergic neurons were excited by the prolactin. The result was not due to bad skill of the experiment, since orexin ejected similarly excited the cholinergic neurons dose-dependently for 1 to several minutes.(Orexin is in feeding center neurons of the lateral hypothalamus.) The experiments thus show that action of prolactin on the brainstem cholinergic neurons is not so strong as we expected at the beginning of this project, but they receive some strong influence from the hypothalamus ; orexin is surely one of transmitters of the hypothalamic neurons acting on the brainstem neurons.

我们主要通过记录脑干中的神经元活动来研究睡眠和觉醒的神经机制，这可能与另一个睡眠控制中心--下丘脑有关。本研究的目的是了解脑干胆碱能神经元与下丘脑之间是否存在直接的功能联系，以及在这种联系中可能使用了哪种递质。观察了电刺激视前区、下丘脑后部、丘脑或额叶皮质的影响，同时记录了被盖外侧核胆碱能神经元的单个神经元活动。当刺激视前区时，逆行和顺行反应的诱发频率最高。结果提示，视前区既是胆碱能投射的受体，又是影响胆碱能神经元活动的服务区。作为下丘脑神经元作用于脑干胆碱能神经元的候选递质，研究了脑室注射催乳素对胆碱能神经元活动的影响。少量催乳素在记录电极尖端附近的药物电极施加气压的情况下被局部射出。催乳素对胆碱能神经元仅有少量兴奋作用。这个结果并不是因为实验技术不好，因为食欲素以类似的方式兴奋胆碱能神经元1到几分钟，呈剂量依赖性。(食欲素位于下丘脑外侧的摄食中枢神经元。)实验表明，催乳素对脑干胆碱能神经元的作用并不像项目开始时预期的那样强烈，但它们受到了下丘脑的一些强烈影响；增食欲素肯定是下丘脑神经元作用于脑干神经元的递质之一。