Health changes of residents after the reduction of cadmium exposure

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Renal tubule dysfunction and a reduced glomerular filtration rate are predictors of mortality among persons previously exposed to environmental cadmium. However, the results also suggest that overall mortality rates in cadmium -polluted areas are not necessarily increased, because of the low mortality among those with no, or only slight, signs of low-molecular weight proteinuria. Overall cancer incidence may not be increased among residents in cadmium-polluted areas.To evaluate the significance of cadmium (Cd) concentrations in blood (B-Cd) and hair (H-Cd) as an indicator of dose, a cross-sectional study was performed on 40 residents in a cd-polluted area, Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan, in 1996. B-Cd is a good indicator of cumulative dose many years after the reduction of environmental exposure to cadmium. H-Cd may be weakly or moderately correlated with body burden.In 1999 and 2000, cadmium concentrations in foods ingested in 24 hours among people living in the formerly cadmium-polluted areas, Izuhara town (23 peoples aged 40~69), Nagasaki Prefecture and Kosaka town (43 peoples aged 40~69), Akita Prefecture, in Japan. Logarithmic mean values of ingested cadmium were reduced markedly in both areas. It was 58.3 in Kosaka and 54.7 microgram/day, respectively. The mean values of ingested cadmium were more than 200 microgram/day before the replacement of polluted soil from rice fields.