Study of Endocrine disrupters in dentistry (Establishment of bioassay using imposex freshwater crab)

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The imposex phenomenon has been reported in many, kinds of gastropods and some bivalves, but no examples have been observed in other phyla. Our findings of dual-gender imposex on freshwater crab, which inhabits clear mountain streams, indicates the influence of a very small amount of substance on crab like the environmental endocrine disrupters (EEDs). In the result of water analysis, there is a positive relationship between the concentration of arsenic and the frequency of abnormality in each sex (P < 0.0001, Spearman's rank correlation). Although arsenic is not on the EPA's priority list of suspected EEDs, some arsenic compounds are known to be potential teratogenic agents. Therefore arsenic compounds are doubted as a kind of EEDs and other EEDs will induce the imposex of freshwater crab. We applied the imposex freshwater crab to the bioassay of EEDs in dentistry.