Analysis on Individual Difference in Urban Landscape Evaluation Based on the Concept of Expected Schema

本研究的目的在于阐明城市景观评价中个体差异的形成过程。以盛冈市的风景图片等5种刺激为对象，对岩手大学的9名学生进行了PAC（Personal Attitude Construct）分析。然后，作者将U.Neisser的预期图式概念应用于研究结果中，得出以下结论：1。在对街道空间的评价中，居住在盛冈不到2年的学生意识到空间中的物体是“图形”。对于10岁以上的人，他们没有意识到这一点，并根据先前形成的形象进行评价，并通过形容词表达气氛。在这些差异中发现了形成过程.在评价山水等具有自然性的景观时，学生对自然价值的认识是重要因素。对于那些活了10年以上的人来说，照片中的所有场景都是有价值的，并且证实了上述形成过程适用于这种情况。形成“背景”，才能让“图”清晰。然后，运用U.Neisser的期望图式概念，尝试建立空间评价个体差异形成过程的模型。这一过程可以用本报告所示的模型解释为“滤出”现象，“背景”不是粗糙的，而是密集的，

The Purpose of this study is to clarify the formative process of individual difference in urban landscape evaluation. PAC (Personal Attitude Construct) Analysis was tried to 9 students of Iwate-University by using 5 stimuli including landscape pictures of Morioka City. Then, the concept of expected schema by U.Neisser was applied to the findings through the analysis.The results were summarized as follows ;1. In the evaluation of street space, the students living in Morioka less than 2 years were conscious of the objects in the space as 'Figure'. As for ones living more than 10 years, they were unconscious of them, and evaluated according to their images formed previously and expressed the atmosphere by adjective words. The formative process was found in those differences.2. In the evaluation of landscape with nature such as mountains, rivers, and so on, it was important factor how the students recognized the value of nature. For ones living more than 10 years, all of the scene in the picture were valuable and it was confirmed that the above-mentioned formative process was applied to this case.3. It was necessary to form 'Background' to make 'Figure' clear. Then, the concept of expected schema by U.Neisser was applied to the attempt to make model on formative process in individual difference in space evaluation. The process could be explained as the phenomenon of 'Filter-out' with not rough but dense 'Background' by the model showed in this report,