Effects on Environment Evaluation by Increasing Contrast Threshold in Visual Function of the Aged

本研究旨在阐明提高老年人视功能对比度阈值对环境评价的影响。对森冈市44名70岁以上老年人进行了心理实验，对16张人行道图片进行了分类。并对他们的视力进行调查，包括对比敏感度、身体平衡、日常活动(数步行)和其他生活状况(听和写他们的话)。分析对比阈值、MDS测评维度与老年人日常生活活动程度之间的关系，得出以下结论：1.探讨老年人日常生活活动与对比阈值增加的关系，最合适的指标是计算步数/天。以人行道宽度作为评价维度，活动量大的老年人增加的对比阈值较小。老年人的对比度阈值在1000步/天的第一点和3300步/天的第二点发生变化。适当的人行道宽度对于老年人来说是必要的，以肯定地意识到视觉障碍者的引路障碍。综合考虑，老年人视功能对比度阈值的增加会导致老年人潜意识活动空间的狭窄。

The Purpose of this study is to clarify the effects environment evaluation by increasing contrast threshold in visual function of the aged. Psychological experiment through classifying 16 sidewalk pictures was tried to the 44 aged persons over 70-years-old and living in Morioka City. And the investigation was made on their eyesight including contrast sensitivity, physical balance, daily activity by counting their walking steps, and other living conditions by hearing and writing down their words. The relation was analyzed among their contrast threshold, evaluation dimension obtained by MDS, and the degree of their daily living activity.The results based on the analysis were as follows ;1. The most proper index of daily activities to investigate the relation to the increasing contrast threshold in the Aged was counting steps/day.2. The aged with higher activity had less increasing contrast threshold and had the width of sidewalk as evaluation dimension.3. The increasing contrast threshold in the aged changed at the first point of 1000 steps/day and the second of 3300 steps/day.4. The proper enough width of sidewalks would be necessary for the aged to be affirmatively conscious of leading-blocks for the visual handicapped persons.5. Considering synthetically, it was suggested that the increasing contrast threshold in visual function of the aged would cause the stricture of subconscious activity space in the aged.