Study of interaction mechanisms among environmental mutagens with Tradescantia stamen hairs

环境诱变剂与紫露草雄蕊毛互作机制研究

• 批准号: 11680543
• 负责人: ICHIKAWA Sadao
• 金额: $ 1.86万
• 依托单位: Saitama University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1999 至 2000
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-11680543/
• 关键词: Tradescantia; stamen hairs; somatic mutation; synergistic effect; antagonistic effect; alkylating agent; promutagen; peroxidase

Interaction mechanisms among different mutagens were studied based on somatic pink mutation frequencies in the stamen hairs, by cultivating a large number of young Inflorescence-bearing shoots with roots of Tradescantia clone BNL 4430 in a nutrient solution circulating (NSC) growth chamber.Four out of the five monofunctional alkylating agents ever studied, i.e., methyl methanesulfonate (MMS), dimethyl sulfate (DMS), ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) and N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU) had shown clear synergistic effects with X rays, whereas N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) had shown merely additive effects with X rays, and their mutagenic synergisms and the patterns had not coincided with their Swain-Scott substrate constnats (s=0.88, 0.86, 0.67, 0.42 and 0.26 for MMS, DMS, EMS, MNU and ENU, respectively). In this study, diethyl sulfate (DES), another monofunctional alkylating agent, was studied and was found to act synergistically with X rays, but the pattern of the synergism also did not coincide … More with the s value. Besides this, MNU and EMS was found to act merely additively, differing from the clear synergistic effects between MMS and EMS which had been confirmed earlier.On the other hand, three promutagens ever studied, maleic hydrazide (MH), o-phenylenediamine (PDA) and N-nitrosodimethylamine (DMN), all had shown mutagenic synergisms when exposed to X rays before the treatments with these promutagens, while all had shown antagonistic effects when exposed to X rays after treating with these promutagens, peroxidase activity increasing and decreasing in the former and the latter cases, respectively, proving the involvement of this enzyme in activating them. Differences among these promutagens had been synergistic, additive and antagonistic effects observed when exposed to X rays during the treatments with DMN, PDA and MH, respectively. In this study, another promutagen, 1,2-dibromoethane (EDB,) which is also a bifunctional alkylating agent, was found to show clear synergisms when exposed to X rays during treating with EDB, but MH and EMS always showed antagonistic effects.Earlier and the present results make it possible to consider that alkylating agents, X rays, and also promutagens Which become mutagens after being activated show mutagenic synergisms when they have at least partly common action mechanisms such as breaking DNA strands or chromosomes, while additive effects appear when they do not have any common action mechanisms. As for promutagens, on the other hand, antagonistic effects appear when their activations into mutagens are prohibited. Less

通过在营养液循环（NSC）生长室中培养大量带根花序幼枝，研究了不同诱变剂在雄蕊毛体粉色突变频率上的相互作用机制。4的5单官能的以往研究烷基化剂,即甲基显示(MMS),硫酸二甲酯(DMS),乙显示(EMS)和N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU表示)与X射线显示清晰的协同效应,而N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU)显示仅仅添加剂与X射线的影响,及其诱变合作模式没有恰逢Swain-Scott衬底constnats (s = 0.88, 0.86, 0.67, 0.42和0.26 MMS, DMS, EMS, MNU ENU表示,分别)。本文研究了另一种单功能烷基化剂硫酸二乙酯（DES），发现其与X射线有协同作用，但与s值也不一致。除此之外，MNU和EMS仅仅是相加作用，而不是之前确认的MMS和EMS之间明显的协同作用。另一方面，所研究的三种促生剂马来酰肼（MH）、邻苯二胺（PDA）和n -亚硝基二甲胺（DMN）在促生剂处理前均在X射线下表现出致突变协同作用，而在促生剂处理后均在X射线下表现出拮抗作用，过氧化物酶活性分别在前者和后者中升高和降低，证明了该酶参与了它们的激活。在DMN、PDA和MH的X射线照射下，这些促生剂分别表现为增效、加性和拮抗作用。在本研究中，另一种促进剂，1,2-二溴乙烷（EDB），也是一种双功能烷基化剂，在EDB治疗过程中暴露于X射线时显示出明显的协同作用，但MH和EMS总是表现出拮抗作用。先前和现在的结果使我们有可能认为，烷基化剂、X射线和促突变剂在被激活后成为诱变剂，当它们至少部分具有共同的作用机制，如破坏DNA链或染色体时，它们表现出诱变协同作用，而当它们没有任何共同的作用机制时，则出现加性效应。另一方面，当促生剂被禁止激活为诱变剂时，就会出现拮抗作用。少

项目成果

Ichikawa S.and Wushur S.: "Analyses of spontaneous pink mutant events in the stamen hairs of Tradescantia clone BNL 4430 cultivated in a nutrient solution circulating growth chamber."Mutation Research. 472. 37-49 (2000)

Ichikawa S. 和 Wushur S.：“在营养液循环生长室中培养的紫露草克隆 BNL 4430 雄蕊毛中自发粉红色突变事件的分析。”突变研究。

Ichikawa S and Wushur S: "Analyses of spontaneous pink mutant events in the stamen hairs of Tradescantia clone BNL 4430 cultivated in a nutrient solution circulating growth chamber"Mutation Research. 472. 37-49 (2000)

Ichikawa S 和 Wushur S：“在营养液循环生长室中培养的紫露草克隆 BNL 4430 雄蕊毛中自发粉红色突变事件的分析”突变研究。

Ichikawa S.and Wushur S.: "Analyses of spontraneous pink mutant events in the stamen hairs of Tradescantia clone BNL 4430 cultivated in a nutrient solution circulating growth chamber."Mutation Research. 472. 37-49 (2000)

Ichikawa S. 和 Wushur S.：“在营养液循环生长室中培养的紫露草克隆 BNL 4430 雄蕊毛中自发粉红色突变事件的分析。”突变研究。