Development of breeding technology of microorganisms for environmantal purification using natural propagation of genotypes.

开发利用基因型自然繁殖净化环境的微生物育种技术。

• 批准号: 11680580
• 负责人: ENDO Ginro
• 金额: $ 1.92万
• 依托单位: Tohoku Gakuin University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1999 至 2000
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-11680580/
• 关键词: Environmental purificatioj bacteria; Mercury resistance operon; Bacterialintron; Mechanism of gene propagation; 伝播メカニズム; 水銀耐性遺伝子; 接合伝達; 水平伝播; 環境浄化

The purpose of the research project was to develop a technology for breeding technology of microorganisms for environmental purification using natural propagation of genotypes. The research was conducted to establish new concept in genetic engineering. In this project, the researchers investigated genetic media for the natural propagation of environmental purification genes. Technical method for enhancement of the natural gene transfer was also investigated in this project.The results obtained in this research project were as follows.(1) Both previously isolated anaerobic mercury-resistant bacteria and newly isolated aerobic mercury-resistant bacteria encode mercury resistance gene operons on a class II transposon.(2) The class II transposon exist in the chromosomes of those isolated bacteria. In the transposon from the aerobic isolate, a bacterial intron is also encoded, and this shows some role of the intron for wide-range propagation of the mercury resistance genetic modules.(3) The transposon including the mercury resistance genetic module and its vicinity was sequenced to fined other transposable elements.(4) Analytical methods and experimental systems to investigate the mechanism of the genetic propagation beyond bacterial species was developed. Experimental methods of bacterial mating for gene transfer and splicing and homing of the bacterial intron were developed. These methods are considered to be useful for clarification of the mechanism of bacterial gene transfer to develop new concepts for environmental biotechnology.

本研究项目的目的是开发利用基因型自然繁殖的环境净化微生物育种技术。该研究的目的是建立基因工程的新概念。在这个项目中，研究人员调查了环境净化基因自然繁殖的遗传媒介。本项目还研究了提高天然转基因效率的技术方法，取得了以下研究成果。(1)先前分离的厌氧抗汞细菌和新分离的需氧抗汞细菌都编码II类转座子上的抗汞基因操纵子。(2)这些分离的细菌的染色体中存在II类转座子。在来自好氧分离物的转座子中，细菌内含子也被编码，并且这显示了内含子对于耐汞遗传模块的大范围繁殖的一些作用。(3)对包括抗汞基因模块在内的转座子及其邻近区域进行测序，以寻找其它转座因子。(4)开发了分析方法和实验系统来研究细菌物种以外的遗传繁殖机制。细菌交配的基因转移和剪接和细菌内含子归巢的实验方法的开发。这些方法被认为是有用的澄清细菌基因转移的机制，开发环境生物技术的新概念。

项目成果

C.C.Huang: "Identification of three merB genes and characterization of a broad spectrum meacury resistance module encoded by a class II transposon of Bacillus megatherium strain MB1."Gene. No.239. 361-366 (1999)

C.C.Huang：“巨大芽孢杆菌菌株 MB1 的 II 类转座子编码的三个 merB 基因的鉴定和广谱抗性模块的表征。”基因。

成田勝: "絶対嫌気性細菌Clostridium属における水銀耐性遺伝子の普遍的保有と重金属耐性スペクトラムの評価に関する研究"環境工学研究論文集. Vol.36. 29-37 (1999)

成田胜：“专性厌氧菌梭状芽胞杆菌普遍具有的耐汞基因及其重金属耐受谱的研究”环境工程研究杂志第36卷29-37（1999年）。

M.Narita.: "Chacteristics of anaerobic mercury-resistant bacteria islated from mercury-polluted sediment."Proceedings of 7th IAWQ Asia-Pacific Regional Conference.. Vol.1. 310-315 (1999)

M.Narita.：“从汞污染的沉积物中分离出的厌氧耐汞细菌的特征。”第七届 IAWQ 亚太地区会议记录。第 1 卷。

C.C.Huang,M.Narita,T.Yamagata,Y.Itoh and G.Endo: "Structure analysis of a class II transposon encoding mercury resistance of Gram-positive bacterium,Bacillus megaterium MB1,a strain isolated -"Gene. 234. 361-369 (1999)

C.C.Huang、M.Narita、T.Yamagata、Y.Itoh 和 G.Endo：“编码革兰氏阳性菌、巨大芽孢杆菌 MB1、分离菌株的汞抗性的 II 类转座子的结构分析 -”基因。

M.Narita: "Identification and characterization of anaerobic mercury-resistant bacteria isolated from meacury-polluted sediment."Water Science and Technology. Vol.42 No.3-4. 109-114 (2000)

M.Narita：“从重污染沉积物中分离出的厌氧耐汞细菌的鉴定和表征。”水科学与技术。