Neural mechanisms of top-down control in primate prefrontal cortex : from single neuron to functional brain imaging

灵长类前额皮质自上而下控制的神经机制：从单个神经元到功能性脑成像

• 批准号: 11680803
• 负责人: HASEGAWA Isao
• 金额: $ 2.3万
• 依托单位: The University of Tokyo
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1999 至 2001
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-11680803/
• 关键词: macaque; prefrontal cortex; single unit recording; functional MRI; 眼球運動; 側頭葉; 記憶検索; スプリットブレイン; 体性感覚野

It is important to understand the brain mechanisms underlying memory and cognition from cellular events to individual behaviors. Toward this objective, the present project aims to investigate the mechanisms of top-down memory control (Hasegawa et al Science 281, 814-818, 1998) combining (1)single cell recordings of neuronal activity and (2) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRl), using animal models with macaque monkeys.(1) We conducted single unit recording from inferior temporal cortex in partial split-brain monkeys. We have shown that activity of inferior temporal neurons during memory recall can be induced by top-down signals from prefrontal cortex in the absence of bottom-up signals (Nature 401, 699-703. 1999). We also have recorded activity of prefrontal neurons during oculomotor tasks, and found that prefrontal neurons can code spatial memory information to guide behavior, even when non-spatial cues instruct switch of the target location (Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. 26, 404. 2, 2000).(2) We have built fMRl systems for scanning macaque monkeys using 1.5T and 4.7T magnets. With 1.5T magnet, we have shown the feasibility of fMRl to reveal somatotopy in primary and second somatosensory cortex (Eur. J. Neurosci. 11, 4451-56, 1999). With 4.7T magnet we have been making high-contrast activation maps of cortical oculomor areas (Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. 27, 345. 12, 2001). In future, we plan to make functional activation maps with cognitive memory tasks, with the aid of which we will perform functional inactivation and single unit experiments

从细胞事件到个体行为，理解记忆和认知的大脑机制是很重要的。为此目的，本项目旨在研究自上而下记忆控制的机制（Hasegawa等Science 281，814-818，1998），其结合（1）神经元活动的单细胞记录和（2）功能性磁共振成像（fMRI），使用猕猴的动物模型。(1)我们在部分裂脑猴的颞叶下皮层进行了单单位记录。我们已经证明，在记忆回忆期间，下颞叶神经元的活动可以在没有自下而上信号的情况下由来自前额叶皮层的自上而下信号诱导（Nature 401，699-703. 1999年）。我们还记录了前额叶神经元在视觉任务期间的活动，并且发现前额叶神经元可以编码空间记忆信息以指导行为，即使当非空间线索指示目标位置的切换时（Soc. Neurosci.摘要26，404。2，2000）。(2)我们已经建立了使用1.5T和4.7T磁体扫描猕猴的fMRI系统。使用1.5T磁体，我们已经证明了fMRI揭示初级和第二躯体感觉皮层中的躯体特征的可行性（Eur.神经科学杂志11，4451-56，1999）。使用4.7T磁体，我们一直在制作皮质眼瘤区域的高对比度激活图（Soc. Neurosci.摘要27，345。12，2001）。在未来的研究中，我们计划制作认知记忆任务的功能激活图，并在此基础上进行功能失活和单单元实验

项目成果

Tomita H., Ohbayashi M., Nakahara K, Hasegawa I., Miyashita Y.: "Top-down signal from the prefrontal cortex in executive control of memory retrieval"Nature. 401. 699-703 (1999)

Tomita H.、Ohbayashi M.、Nakahara K、Hasekawa I.、Miyashita Y.：“来自前额叶皮层的自上而下的信号对记忆检索的执行控制”自然。

Hasegawa I.Hayashi T.Miyashita Y.: "Memory retrieval under the control of the prefrontal cortex"Annals of Medicine. 31. 380-387 (1999)

长谷川 I.Hayashi T.Miyashita Y.：“前额皮质控制下的记忆检索”医学年鉴。

Hasegawa I., Miyashita Y.: "Categorizing the world : expert neurons look into key features"Nature Neurosci.. 5. 90-91 (2002)

Hasekawa I., Miyashita Y.：“对世界进行分类：专家神经元研究关键特征”Nature Neurosci.. 5. 90-91 (2002)

Hasegawa I: "Neural mechanisms of memory retrieval : role of the prefrontal cortex"Rev. Neurosci. 11. 113-125 (2000)

长谷川一世：“记忆检索的神经机制：前额皮质的作用”Rev。

Fukushima T., Hasegawa I., Miyashita Y.: "Modulation of neuronal activity in macaque prefrontal cortex by shifts of saccade target"Neurosci. Res.. 24. S55 (2000)

Fukushima T.、Hasekawa I.、Miyashita Y.：“通过扫视目标的变化调节猕猴前额皮质的神经元活动”Neurosci。