Studies on Functional Evaluation of Regenerated Optic Nerve

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1. Facilitatory effects of intraocularly applied neurotrophins on survival and axonal regeneration of cat retina ganglion cells (Watanabe et al., 2002) : After intraocular applications of a mixture of BDNF, CNTF and forskolin, not only the survival but also the axonal regeneration by peripheral nerve graft was significantly enhanced in axotomized cat retinal ganglion cells. The effect was especially conspicous on beta cells.2. Capacities of visual information processing in axotomized cat retinal ganglion cells (Takao et al., 2002) : 5 and 14 days after optic nerve transection visual function of axotomized cat retina ganglion cells were evaluated. Most of the surviving cells revealed normal visual responses which enabled to classify into Y or X cells. However, the size of the receptive field center was shrunken in some of the axotomized cells.3. Quantitative evaluations of survival and axonal regeneration of retinal ganglion cells in bcl-2 overexpressed mice (Inouet et al., 2002) : In b … More cl-2 transgenic mice the survival of axotomzied ganglion cells was significantly higher than in wild type mice, whereas the axonal regeneration, assessed by peripheral nerve transplanation, was similar between the two. This result appears to be in conflict with the well known suggestion that bcl-2 has promoting effect on axonal regeneration of retinal ganglion cells as well as their survival.4. Survival promoting effects of electrical stimulation to the cut optic nerve on axotomized rertinal ganglion cells in rats (Morimoto et al., 2002) : Monophasic electrical plulses (50 μA, 50μs, At s , 20 Hz) applied for 2 hrs to the cut end of the optic nerve enhanced the one-week survival of retinal gangion cells up to 83 % from the control level (53 %).5. Behavioral evaluations of functional recovery of vision (Sasaki et al., 1999) : Hamsters having a reconstructed retino-collicular projection with peripheral nerve graft revealed visually guided behaviors when assessed by three different behavioral paradigms ; open field behavior, classical aversive conditioning and operant avoidance learning.6. Review works on degeneration, surival and axonal regeneration of cat retinal ganglion cells (Watanabe and Fukuda, 2002) : After summarizing our recent works on cat retinal ganglion cells, we reviewed the present status of the worldwide trials towards the protection of damaged retinal ganglion cells and the promotion of their axonal regeneration in adult mammals. Less