Formation of Surfaces and Interfaces Designed at Atomic/Molecular Level

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Understanding the phenomena that occur on electrode surfaces such as deposition of metals and adsorption of organic molecules is essential to the industrial applications including the development of devices. We obtained the following results in the fiscal year 2001. 1) Underpotential deposition (UPD) and bulk deposition of Cu onto Pd(111) in solution : during the UPD that occurred in one step and the bulk deposition, sulfate ions always existed on Pd and Cu surfaces. 2) Adlayer structures of anthracene on Ag single-crystal surfaces in solution : anthracene were adsorbed on Ag(111), Ag(100), Ag(110) surfaces, and the adlayer structures were assigned as (2【square root】3 x 2【square root】3)R30°, c(4 x 6), and c(4 x 4), respectively. 3) Adlayers of CN on Ir(111) in alkaline solution : the adlayer structure of CN forming a (2【square root】3 x 2【square root】3)R30° structure were found to consist of units of 6-membered rings of CN, and the complexation of Na^+ took place in the rings. 4) Adlayers of coronene on Au(111) surface in solution : the adlayer of coronene was formed in benzene solution by immersing a Au(111) substrate, on which a highly ordered adlayer of coronene was formed in a (4 x 4) symmetry. 5) Adlayer structure of Br on Ag(100) surface and the formation of AgBr on Ag(100) : Br on Ag(100) formed a c(2 x 2) lattice, on which AgBr layers were epitaxially grown. 6) Formation processes of a p-xylene adlayer on Rh(111) surface in UHV : the adlayer of p-xylene grew gradually on Rh(111) surface to form a c(4 x 2【square root】3)rect structure, which was previously found to be formed in solution.As described above, we successfully modified metal surfaces and interfaces with an atomic level both in liquid and in vacuum environments, optimizing parameters such as an electrode potential and a vapor pressure.