Exploration of new genes related to achivement of transplantation tolerance in living donor liver transplantation

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Seventy recipients were enrolled in elective weaning immunosuppression at Kyoto University Hospital. Twenty-four recipients achieved complete withdrawal of immunosuppression, 37 were during weaning, and 9 encountered rejection. Fifty-four recipients were enrolled in nonelective weaning of immunosuppression. Thirty-four recipients achieved complete withdrawal, 7 were during weaning, and 13 encountered rejection. At Mie University Hospital, 3 recipients were enrolled in nonelective weaning because of EB virus infection. One recipient achieved complete withdrawal, but remaining 2 encountered rejection.Total RNA was extracted from peripheral blood lymphocytes of recipients who accomplished complete withdrawal of immunosuppression and normal volunteers. RNA was analyzed by cDNA microarray (Agilent) comparing mRNA expression of recipients with that of normal volunteers. Number of genes with up-regulated mRNA expression was 120, and that with down-regulated expression was 169. Genes with up-regulated or down-regulated expression were divided into subgroups according to gene-related function. Number of up-regulated or down-regulated genes were 4/3 for [Apoptosis], 2/2 for [Cell cycle], 2/7 for [Cytokine], 4/4 for [DNA metabolism], 1/0 for [Heat shock protein], 3/7 for [Receptor], 16/18 for [Signal transduction], 7/14 for [Stress], 8/13 for [Transcription], 9/14 for [Transporter], and 72/113 for undetermined factor, respectively.