Development of CGH array system and its application for personalized medicine in oral oncology and clinics

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Accumulated evidence suggests that multiple genetic alterations occurring sequentially in a cell lineage, at the nucleotide levels as well as at the chromosome levels, underlie the carcinogenetic process in gastrointestinal tumors. Gene amplification is one of the mechanisms capable of activating genes that are implicated in developing tumors. Oncogenes are known to be activated by amplification in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). By using CGH we performed extensive analysis of copy number aberrations in several types of tumors including oral SCCs. A total number of 800 tumors was analyzed and we could identify target genes within novel amplicons. Furthermore, we have constructed high-density CGH array systems as follows ; (1) an array harboring 4500 BACs throughout whole genome for exploring cryptic chromosome aberrations, (2) an array containing 800 cancer-related genes for "personalized medicine for cancer", and (3) an array harboring 212 BACs spanning the 20 Mb contig at chromosome 1p36. Our tools can open the window for exploring cryptic chromosome aberrations associated with pathogenesis in human tumors.