Genetic analysis of HIV/SIV and HTLV/STLV in Africa -Elucidation of Their Origins and Evolution

非洲 HIV/SIV 和 HTLV/STLV 的遗传分析 - 阐明其起源和进化

• 批准号: 12376002
• 负责人: IDO Eiji
• 金额: $ 19.39万
• 依托单位: KYOTO UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2000 至 2003
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-12376002/
• 关键词: HIV; HTLV; STLV; genetic analysis; central Africa; AIDS; AIDS; 霊長類レトロウイルス; 霊長類レトロウィルス

The two primate retrovirus groups, HIV/SIV and HTLV/STLV, are now known to be genetically related each other and constitute a huge viral superfamily. Accumulated knowledges on the genetical analyses and the way of transmission of these two viral groups indicated that both groups appear to have been transmitting zoonotically. To elucidate the origins and evolution of these two virus groups, we conducted serosurveys and phylogenetic analyses of these viruses among AIDS patients, healthy persons, and Pygmy people, an ethnic minority in Central Africa (Cameroon, Republic of Congo, and Democratic Republic of Congo).Seroprevalece of Pygmies was unexpectedly low, and the viruses, if any, were considered to have been transmitted from neighboring Bantu residents judged from genetic data of the isolated ones. Detailed genetic analyses of HIV-1 from AIDS patients have revealed that the viral genomes are not only highly diversified but also frequently mosaic, which means that the genomes are mostly recombinant forms. From the survey among various monkey species, we firstly isolated a new SIV from black mangabeys captured in Democratic Republic of Congo. The phylogenetic position of this virus (SIVblm) is very unique, and interestingly a part of its pol genomic region (RnaseH) is genetically very close to that of the Ant strain, one of the oldest HIV 1 strain, suggesting that the genome of present HIV 1 might be mosaic and its origin is partly from this monkey species.

两个灵长类逆转录病毒组，HIV/SIV和HTLV/STLV，现在已知在遗传上彼此相关，并构成一个巨大的病毒超家族。对这两组病毒的遗传分析和传播途径的累积知识表明，这两组病毒似乎都是通过动物传播的。为了阐明这两个病毒群的起源和进化，我们对艾滋病患者、健康人和中非少数民族俾格米人进行了血清调查和系统发育分析（喀麦隆、刚果共和国和刚果民主共和国）。俾格米人的血清阳性反应出乎意料地低，如果有病毒，从被隔离者的基因数据判断，被认为是从邻近的班图居民那里传播的。对艾滋病患者的HIV-1进行的详细遗传分析显示，病毒基因组不仅高度多样化，而且经常镶嵌，这意味着基因组大多是重组形式。通过对不同猴种的调查，我们首次从刚果捕获的黑白眉猴中分离到一种新的猴免疫缺陷病毒。该病毒（SIVblm）的系统发育位置非常独特，其pol基因组区域（RnaseH）的一部分与最古老的HIV 1株之一Ant株的基因组非常接近，提示目前的HIV 1可能是嵌合体，其部分起源于该猴种。

项目成果

Taniguchi Y., Takehisa J., Bikandou B., et al.: "genetic subtypes of HIV type 1 based on the vpu/env sequences in the Republic of Congo"AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses. 18. 79-83 (2002)

Taniguchi Y.、Takehisa J.、Bikandou B. 等人：“基于刚果共和国的 vpu/env 序列的 HIV 1 型遗传亚型”AIDS Res。

Takehisa, J., Harada, Y., Hayami, M., et al.: "Natural Infection of wild-born mandrills(Mandrillus sphinx)with two different types of simian immunodeficiency virus"AIDS Res.Hum.Retroviruses. 17. 1143-1154 (2001)

Takehisa, J.、Harada, Y.、Hayami, M.等人：“两种不同类型的猿猴免疫缺陷病毒对野生山魈（Mandrillus sphinx）的自然感染”AIDS Res.Hum.Retroviruses。

Ndembi N., Yumo H., Takehisa J., et al.: "HIV-1 infection in Pygmy hunter gatherers is from contact with Bantu rather than from nonhuman primates"AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses. (in press).

Ndembi N.、Yumo H.、Takehisa J. 等人：“俾格米狩猎采集者中的 HIV-1 感染是由于与班图人接触而不是来自非人类灵长类动物”艾滋病研究。

Takemura, T., Yamashita, M., Shimada, M., Ohkura, S., Shotake, T., Ikeda, M., Miura, T., Hayami, M.: "High prevalence of simian T-lymphotropic virus type L in wild Ethiopian Baboons"J.Virol.. 76. 1642-1648 (2002)

Takemura, T.、Yamashita, M.、Shimada, M.、Ohkura, S.、Shotake, T.、Ikeda, M.、Miura, T.、Hayami, M.：“猿 T 淋巴细胞病毒型的高流行率

Bikandou,B.,Takehisa,J.,Mboudjzka,I.,Ido,E., et al.: "genetic subtypes of HIV type 1 in Republic of Congo."AIDS Res.Hum.Retrovivuses. 16(7). 613-619 (2000)

Bikandou,B.、Takehisa,J.、Mboudjzka,I.、Ido,E. 等人：“刚果共和国 1 型 HIV 的遗传亚型”。AIDS Res.Hum.Retrovivuses。