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A philological Study of the Early Chinese Translations of the Astasahasrika Prajnaparamita - in comparison with Sanskrit Fragments from Afghanistan

《般若波罗密多》早期汉译本的文献学研究——与阿富汗梵文残卷的比较

基本信息

批准号：
12610020
负责人：
KARASHIMA Seishi
金额：
$ 1.54万
依托单位：
Soka University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2000
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2000 至 2002
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-12610020/
关键词：
the Astasahasrika Prajnaparamita Lokaksema Zhiqian Prajanaparamita Middle Chinese Buddhist Chinese Daoxing borejing

项目摘要

I have studied Lokaksema's Chinese translation of the Astasahasrika Prajnaparamita, completed in 179 C.E. and compared this with the other six Chinese translations, the Sanskrit version (based on manuscripts from Nepal), Sanskrit fragments from Afghansistan and the Tibetan translation. Through reading this very difficult text painstakingly, I have come to realize the necessity of compiling a glossary and a critical edition which I am, at present, doing. These will be ready in a few years time. Also, after three years' research, I have concluded that the Chinese, Sanskrit and Tibetan varsions could be divided into the following two groups, namely: (I) the four older Chinese translations (by Lokaksema, Zhiqian, Zhufonian and Kumarajiva) and one of Xuanzang's Chinese translations; (II) the Sanskrit version (based on manuscripts from Nepal), another one of Xuanzang's translations, Shihu's Chinese translation and the Tibetan translation. The texts of the latter group contain many interpolations, showing traces of enlargement. As to the Sanskrit fragments from Afghanistan, we need to investigate them further before reaching any concrete conclusions.I have published several articles concerning the text both in Japanese and Chinese. However, as Lokaksema's translation of the Astasahasrika Prajnaparamita is voluminous, I need another two years to complete the glossary, the critical edition of this translation and a comparative study of the Astasahasrika Prajnaparamita. Based on such a comprehensive and thorough philological study of the text, it would be possible to pursue historical research on this and so expand our understanding of early Mahayana Buddhism. Also, it is hoped that, with the publication of these, other early Chinese translations, made by Lokaksema, Zhiqian, Dharmaraksa etc., will become less difficult to read.

我研究了洛可可色玛于公元179年完成的《般若波罗蜜多》的中文译本。并将其与其他六个中文译本、梵语译本（基于尼泊尔手稿）、阿富汗梵语片段和藏文译本进行了比较。通过阅读这篇非常困难的文章，我逐渐意识到编写一个词汇表和一个评论版的必要性，我目前正在做这件事。这些将在几年内准备好。经过三年的研究，笔者认为汉梵藏三种语言的变体可以分为两大类：（1）四种较早的汉译版本（由Lokaksema，智谦，Zhufonian和Kumarajiva）和玄奘的中文翻译之一;（二）梵文本（根据尼泊尔手稿）、玄奘的另一译本、石虎的中文译本和藏文译本。后一组的文本包含许多插值，显示扩大的痕迹。至于阿富汗出土的梵语残片，我们需要进一步研究才能得出具体结论。我已经用日文和中文发表了几篇关于该文本的文章。然而，由于Lokaksema翻译的Astasahasrika Prajnaparamita是大量的，我还需要两年的时间来完成词汇表，这个翻译的评论版和Astasahasrika Prajnaparamita的比较研究。基于这样一个全面和深入的文献学研究的文本，将有可能追求历史研究，从而扩大我们的理解早期大乘佛教。此外，希望随着这些出版，其他早期的中文翻译，由Lokaksema，智谦，Dharmaraksa等，会变得不那么难读。